1 #ifndef Py_INTERNAL_OBJECT_H
2 #define Py_INTERNAL_OBJECT_H
3 #ifdef __cplusplus
4 extern "C" {
5 #endif
6 
7 #ifndef Py_BUILD_CORE
8 #  error "this header requires Py_BUILD_CORE define"
9 #endif
10 
11 #include <stdbool.h>
12 #include "pycore_gc.h"            // _PyObject_GC_IS_TRACKED()
13 #include "pycore_interp.h"        // PyInterpreterState.gc
14 #include "pycore_pystate.h"       // _PyInterpreterState_GET()
15 #include "pycore_runtime.h"       // _PyRuntime
16 
17 #define _PyObject_IMMORTAL_INIT(type) \
18     { \
19         .ob_refcnt = 999999999, \
20         .ob_type = type, \
21     }
22 #define _PyVarObject_IMMORTAL_INIT(type, size) \
23     { \
24         .ob_base = _PyObject_IMMORTAL_INIT(type), \
25         .ob_size = size, \
26     }
27 
28 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_NO_RETURN _Py_FatalRefcountErrorFunc(
29     const char *func,
30     const char *message);
31 
32 #define _Py_FatalRefcountError(message) _Py_FatalRefcountErrorFunc(__func__, message)
33 
34 static inline void
_Py_DECREF_SPECIALIZED(PyObject *op, const destructor destruct)35 _Py_DECREF_SPECIALIZED(PyObject *op, const destructor destruct)
36 {
37 #ifdef Py_REF_DEBUG
38     _Py_RefTotal--;
39 #endif
40     if (--op->ob_refcnt != 0) {
41         assert(op->ob_refcnt > 0);
42     }
43     else {
44 #ifdef Py_TRACE_REFS
45         _Py_ForgetReference(op);
46 #endif
47         destruct(op);
48     }
49 }
50 
51 static inline void
_Py_DECREF_NO_DEALLOC(PyObject *op)52 _Py_DECREF_NO_DEALLOC(PyObject *op)
53 {
54 #ifdef Py_REF_DEBUG
55     _Py_RefTotal--;
56 #endif
57     op->ob_refcnt--;
58 #ifdef Py_DEBUG
59     if (op->ob_refcnt <= 0) {
60         _Py_FatalRefcountError("Expected a positive remaining refcount");
61     }
62 #endif
63 }
64 
65 PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyType_CheckConsistency(PyTypeObject *type);
66 PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyDict_CheckConsistency(PyObject *mp, int check_content);
67 
68 /* Update the Python traceback of an object. This function must be called
69    when a memory block is reused from a free list.
70 
71    Internal function called by _Py_NewReference(). */
72 extern int _PyTraceMalloc_NewReference(PyObject *op);
73 
74 // Fast inlined version of PyType_HasFeature()
75 static inline int
_PyType_HasFeature(PyTypeObject *type, unsigned long feature)76 _PyType_HasFeature(PyTypeObject *type, unsigned long feature) {
77     return ((type->tp_flags & feature) != 0);
78 }
79 
80 extern void _PyType_InitCache(PyInterpreterState *interp);
81 
82 
83 /* Inline functions trading binary compatibility for speed:
84    _PyObject_Init() is the fast version of PyObject_Init(), and
85    _PyObject_InitVar() is the fast version of PyObject_InitVar().
86 
87    These inline functions must not be called with op=NULL. */
88 static inline void
_PyObject_Init(PyObject *op, PyTypeObject *typeobj)89 _PyObject_Init(PyObject *op, PyTypeObject *typeobj)
90 {
91     assert(op != NULL);
92     Py_SET_TYPE(op, typeobj);
93     if (_PyType_HasFeature(typeobj, Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE)) {
94         Py_INCREF(typeobj);
95     }
96     _Py_NewReference(op);
97 }
98 
99 static inline void
_PyObject_InitVar(PyVarObject *op, PyTypeObject *typeobj, Py_ssize_t size)100 _PyObject_InitVar(PyVarObject *op, PyTypeObject *typeobj, Py_ssize_t size)
101 {
102     assert(op != NULL);
103     Py_SET_SIZE(op, size);
104     _PyObject_Init((PyObject *)op, typeobj);
105 }
106 
107 
108 /* Tell the GC to track this object.
109  *
110  * The object must not be tracked by the GC.
111  *
112  * NB: While the object is tracked by the collector, it must be safe to call the
113  * ob_traverse method.
114  *
115  * Internal note: interp->gc.generation0->_gc_prev doesn't have any bit flags
116  * because it's not object header.  So we don't use _PyGCHead_PREV() and
117  * _PyGCHead_SET_PREV() for it to avoid unnecessary bitwise operations.
118  *
119  * See also the public PyObject_GC_Track() function.
120  */
_PyObject_GC_TRACK( const char *filename, int lineno, PyObject *op)121 static inline void _PyObject_GC_TRACK(
122 // The preprocessor removes _PyObject_ASSERT_FROM() calls if NDEBUG is defined
123 #ifndef NDEBUG
124     const char *filename, int lineno,
125 #endif
126     PyObject *op)
127 {
128     _PyObject_ASSERT_FROM(op, !_PyObject_GC_IS_TRACKED(op),
129                           "object already tracked by the garbage collector",
130                           filename, lineno, __func__);
131 
132     PyGC_Head *gc = _Py_AS_GC(op);
133     _PyObject_ASSERT_FROM(op,
134                           (gc->_gc_prev & _PyGC_PREV_MASK_COLLECTING) == 0,
135                           "object is in generation which is garbage collected",
136                           filename, lineno, __func__);
137 
138     PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
139     PyGC_Head *generation0 = interp->gc.generation0;
140     PyGC_Head *last = (PyGC_Head*)(generation0->_gc_prev);
141     _PyGCHead_SET_NEXT(last, gc);
142     _PyGCHead_SET_PREV(gc, last);
143     _PyGCHead_SET_NEXT(gc, generation0);
144     generation0->_gc_prev = (uintptr_t)gc;
145 }
146 
147 /* Tell the GC to stop tracking this object.
148  *
149  * Internal note: This may be called while GC. So _PyGC_PREV_MASK_COLLECTING
150  * must be cleared. But _PyGC_PREV_MASK_FINALIZED bit is kept.
151  *
152  * The object must be tracked by the GC.
153  *
154  * See also the public PyObject_GC_UnTrack() which accept an object which is
155  * not tracked.
156  */
_PyObject_GC_UNTRACK( const char *filename, int lineno, PyObject *op)157 static inline void _PyObject_GC_UNTRACK(
158 // The preprocessor removes _PyObject_ASSERT_FROM() calls if NDEBUG is defined
159 #ifndef NDEBUG
160     const char *filename, int lineno,
161 #endif
162     PyObject *op)
163 {
164     _PyObject_ASSERT_FROM(op, _PyObject_GC_IS_TRACKED(op),
165                           "object not tracked by the garbage collector",
166                           filename, lineno, __func__);
167 
168     PyGC_Head *gc = _Py_AS_GC(op);
169     PyGC_Head *prev = _PyGCHead_PREV(gc);
170     PyGC_Head *next = _PyGCHead_NEXT(gc);
171     _PyGCHead_SET_NEXT(prev, next);
172     _PyGCHead_SET_PREV(next, prev);
173     gc->_gc_next = 0;
174     gc->_gc_prev &= _PyGC_PREV_MASK_FINALIZED;
175 }
176 
177 // Macros to accept any type for the parameter, and to automatically pass
178 // the filename and the filename (if NDEBUG is not defined) where the macro
179 // is called.
180 #ifdef NDEBUG
181 #  define _PyObject_GC_TRACK(op) \
182         _PyObject_GC_TRACK(_PyObject_CAST(op))
183 #  define _PyObject_GC_UNTRACK(op) \
184         _PyObject_GC_UNTRACK(_PyObject_CAST(op))
185 #else
186 #  define _PyObject_GC_TRACK(op) \
187         _PyObject_GC_TRACK(__FILE__, __LINE__, _PyObject_CAST(op))
188 #  define _PyObject_GC_UNTRACK(op) \
189         _PyObject_GC_UNTRACK(__FILE__, __LINE__, _PyObject_CAST(op))
190 #endif
191 
192 #ifdef Py_REF_DEBUG
193 extern void _PyDebug_PrintTotalRefs(void);
194 #endif
195 
196 #ifdef Py_TRACE_REFS
197 extern void _Py_AddToAllObjects(PyObject *op, int force);
198 extern void _Py_PrintReferences(FILE *);
199 extern void _Py_PrintReferenceAddresses(FILE *);
200 #endif
201 
202 static inline PyObject **
_PyObject_GET_WEAKREFS_LISTPTR(PyObject *op)203 _PyObject_GET_WEAKREFS_LISTPTR(PyObject *op)
204 {
205     Py_ssize_t offset = Py_TYPE(op)->tp_weaklistoffset;
206     return (PyObject **)((char *)op + offset);
207 }
208 
209 // Fast inlined version of PyObject_IS_GC()
210 static inline int
_PyObject_IS_GC(PyObject *obj)211 _PyObject_IS_GC(PyObject *obj)
212 {
213     return (PyType_IS_GC(Py_TYPE(obj))
214             && (Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_is_gc == NULL
215                 || Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_is_gc(obj)));
216 }
217 
218 // Fast inlined version of PyType_IS_GC()
219 #define _PyType_IS_GC(t) _PyType_HasFeature((t), Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC)
220 
221 static inline size_t
_PyType_PreHeaderSize(PyTypeObject *tp)222 _PyType_PreHeaderSize(PyTypeObject *tp)
223 {
224     return _PyType_IS_GC(tp) * sizeof(PyGC_Head) +
225         _PyType_HasFeature(tp, Py_TPFLAGS_MANAGED_DICT) * 2 * sizeof(PyObject *);
226 }
227 
228 void _PyObject_GC_Link(PyObject *op);
229 
230 // Usage: assert(_Py_CheckSlotResult(obj, "__getitem__", result != NULL));
231 extern int _Py_CheckSlotResult(
232     PyObject *obj,
233     const char *slot_name,
234     int success);
235 
236 // PyType_Ready() must be called if _PyType_IsReady() is false.
237 // See also the Py_TPFLAGS_READY flag.
238 #define _PyType_IsReady(type) ((type)->tp_dict != NULL)
239 
240 // Test if a type supports weak references
_PyType_SUPPORTS_WEAKREFS(PyTypeObject *type)241 static inline int _PyType_SUPPORTS_WEAKREFS(PyTypeObject *type) {
242     return (type->tp_weaklistoffset > 0);
243 }
244 
245 extern PyObject* _PyType_AllocNoTrack(PyTypeObject *type, Py_ssize_t nitems);
246 
247 extern int _PyObject_InitializeDict(PyObject *obj);
248 extern int _PyObject_StoreInstanceAttribute(PyObject *obj, PyDictValues *values,
249                                           PyObject *name, PyObject *value);
250 PyObject * _PyObject_GetInstanceAttribute(PyObject *obj, PyDictValues *values,
251                                         PyObject *name);
252 
_PyObject_ValuesPointer(PyObject *obj)253 static inline PyDictValues **_PyObject_ValuesPointer(PyObject *obj)
254 {
255     assert(Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_MANAGED_DICT);
256     return ((PyDictValues **)obj)-4;
257 }
258 
_PyObject_ManagedDictPointer(PyObject *obj)259 static inline PyObject **_PyObject_ManagedDictPointer(PyObject *obj)
260 {
261     assert(Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_MANAGED_DICT);
262     return ((PyObject **)obj)-3;
263 }
264 
265 #define MANAGED_DICT_OFFSET (((int)sizeof(PyObject *))*-3)
266 
267 extern PyObject ** _PyObject_DictPointer(PyObject *);
268 extern int _PyObject_VisitInstanceAttributes(PyObject *self, visitproc visit, void *arg);
269 extern void _PyObject_ClearInstanceAttributes(PyObject *self);
270 extern void _PyObject_FreeInstanceAttributes(PyObject *self);
271 extern int _PyObject_IsInstanceDictEmpty(PyObject *);
272 extern PyObject* _PyType_GetSubclasses(PyTypeObject *);
273 
274 // Access macro to the members which are floating "behind" the object
275 #define _PyHeapType_GET_MEMBERS(etype) \
276     ((PyMemberDef *)(((char *)etype) + Py_TYPE(etype)->tp_basicsize))
277 
278 PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyObject_LookupSpecial(PyObject *, PyObject *);
279 
280 /* C function call trampolines to mitigate bad function pointer casts.
281  *
282  * Typical native ABIs ignore additional arguments or fill in missing
283  * values with 0/NULL in function pointer cast. Compilers do not show
284  * warnings when a function pointer is explicitly casted to an
285  * incompatible type.
286  *
287  * Bad fpcasts are an issue in WebAssembly. WASM's indirect_call has strict
288  * function signature checks. Argument count, types, and return type must
289  * match.
290  *
291  * Third party code unintentionally rely on problematic fpcasts. The call
292  * trampoline mitigates common occurences of bad fpcasts on Emscripten.
293  */
294 #if defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__) && defined(PY_CALL_TRAMPOLINE)
295 #define _PyCFunction_TrampolineCall(meth, self, args) \
296     _PyCFunctionWithKeywords_TrampolineCall( \
297         (*(PyCFunctionWithKeywords)(void(*)(void))meth), self, args, NULL)
298 extern PyObject* _PyCFunctionWithKeywords_TrampolineCall(
299     PyCFunctionWithKeywords meth, PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
300 #else
301 #define _PyCFunction_TrampolineCall(meth, self, args) \
302     (meth)((self), (args))
303 #define _PyCFunctionWithKeywords_TrampolineCall(meth, self, args, kw) \
304     (meth)((self), (args), (kw))
305 #endif // __EMSCRIPTEN__ && PY_CALL_TRAMPOLINE
306 
307 #ifdef __cplusplus
308 }
309 #endif
310 #endif /* !Py_INTERNAL_OBJECT_H */
311