1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2009 Justin Ruggles
3  * Copyright (c) 2009 Xuggle Incorporated
4  *
5  * This file is part of FFmpeg.
6  *
7  * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
9  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
10  * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
11  *
12  * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
15  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
18  * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
19  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
20  */
21 
22 /**
23  * @file
24  * libspeex Speex audio encoder
25  *
26  * Usage Guide
27  * This explains the values that need to be set prior to initialization in
28  * order to control various encoding parameters.
29  *
30  * Channels
31  *     Speex only supports mono or stereo, so avctx->ch_layout.nb_channels must
32  *     be set to 1 or 2.
33  *
34  * Sample Rate / Encoding Mode
35  *     Speex has 3 modes, each of which uses a specific sample rate.
36  *         narrowband     :  8 kHz
37  *         wideband       : 16 kHz
38  *         ultra-wideband : 32 kHz
39  *     avctx->sample_rate must be set to one of these 3 values.  This will be
40  *     used to set the encoding mode.
41  *
42  * Rate Control
43  *     VBR mode is turned on by setting AV_CODEC_FLAG_QSCALE in avctx->flags.
44  *     avctx->global_quality is used to set the encoding quality.
45  *     For CBR mode, avctx->bit_rate can be used to set the constant bitrate.
46  *     Alternatively, the 'cbr_quality' option can be set from 0 to 10 to set
47  *     a constant bitrate based on quality.
48  *     For ABR mode, set avctx->bit_rate and set the 'abr' option to 1.
49  *     Approx. Bitrate Range:
50  *         narrowband     : 2400 - 25600 bps
51  *         wideband       : 4000 - 43200 bps
52  *         ultra-wideband : 4400 - 45200 bps
53  *
54  * Complexity
55  *     Encoding complexity is controlled by setting avctx->compression_level.
56  *     The valid range is 0 to 10.  A higher setting gives generally better
57  *     quality at the expense of encoding speed.  This does not affect the
58  *     bit rate.
59  *
60  * Frames-per-Packet
61  *     The encoder defaults to using 1 frame-per-packet.  However, it is
62  *     sometimes desirable to use multiple frames-per-packet to reduce the
63  *     amount of container overhead.  This can be done by setting the
64  *     'frames_per_packet' option to a value 1 to 8.
65  *
66  *
67  * Optional features
68  * Speex encoder supports several optional features, which can be useful
69  * for some conditions.
70  *
71  * Voice Activity Detection
72  *     When enabled, voice activity detection detects whether the audio
73  *     being encoded is speech or silence/background noise. VAD is always
74  *     implicitly activated when encoding in VBR, so the option is only useful
75  *     in non-VBR operation. In this case, Speex detects non-speech periods and
76  *     encodes them with just enough bits to reproduce the background noise.
77  *
78  * Discontinuous Transmission (DTX)
79  *     DTX is an addition to VAD/VBR operation, that makes it possible to stop transmitting
80  *     completely when the background noise is stationary.
81  *     In file-based operation only 5 bits are used for such frames.
82  */
83 
84 #include <speex/speex.h>
85 #include <speex/speex_header.h>
86 #include <speex/speex_stereo.h>
87 
88 #include "libavutil/channel_layout.h"
89 #include "libavutil/common.h"
90 #include "libavutil/opt.h"
91 #include "avcodec.h"
92 #include "codec_internal.h"
93 #include "encode.h"
94 #include "audio_frame_queue.h"
95 
96 /* TODO: Think about converting abr, vad, dtx and such flags to a bit field */
97 typedef struct LibSpeexEncContext {
98     AVClass *class;             ///< AVClass for private options
99     SpeexBits bits;             ///< libspeex bitwriter context
100     SpeexHeader header;         ///< libspeex header struct
101     void *enc_state;            ///< libspeex encoder state
102     int frames_per_packet;      ///< number of frames to encode in each packet
103     float vbr_quality;          ///< VBR quality 0.0 to 10.0
104     int cbr_quality;            ///< CBR quality 0 to 10
105     int abr;                    ///< flag to enable ABR
106     int vad;                    ///< flag to enable VAD
107     int dtx;                    ///< flag to enable DTX
108     int pkt_frame_count;        ///< frame count for the current packet
109     AudioFrameQueue afq;        ///< frame queue
110 } LibSpeexEncContext;
111 
print_enc_params(AVCodecContext *avctx, LibSpeexEncContext *s)112 static av_cold void print_enc_params(AVCodecContext *avctx,
113                                      LibSpeexEncContext *s)
114 {
115     const char *mode_str = "unknown";
116 
117     av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "channels: %d\n", avctx->ch_layout.nb_channels);
118     switch (s->header.mode) {
119     case SPEEX_MODEID_NB:  mode_str = "narrowband";     break;
120     case SPEEX_MODEID_WB:  mode_str = "wideband";       break;
121     case SPEEX_MODEID_UWB: mode_str = "ultra-wideband"; break;
122     }
123     av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "mode: %s\n", mode_str);
124     if (s->header.vbr) {
125         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "rate control: VBR\n");
126         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "  quality: %f\n", s->vbr_quality);
127     } else if (s->abr) {
128         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "rate control: ABR\n");
129         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "  bitrate: %"PRId64" bps\n", avctx->bit_rate);
130     } else {
131         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "rate control: CBR\n");
132         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "  bitrate: %"PRId64" bps\n", avctx->bit_rate);
133     }
134     av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "complexity: %d\n",
135            avctx->compression_level);
136     av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "frame size: %d samples\n",
137            avctx->frame_size);
138     av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "frames per packet: %d\n",
139            s->frames_per_packet);
140     av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "packet size: %d\n",
141            avctx->frame_size * s->frames_per_packet);
142     av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "voice activity detection: %d\n", s->vad);
143     av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "discontinuous transmission: %d\n", s->dtx);
144 }
145 
encode_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)146 static av_cold int encode_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
147 {
148     LibSpeexEncContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
149     int channels = avctx->ch_layout.nb_channels;
150     const SpeexMode *mode;
151     uint8_t *header_data;
152     int header_size;
153     int32_t complexity;
154 
155     /* channels */
156     if (channels < 1 || channels > 2) {
157         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Invalid channels (%d). Only stereo and "
158                "mono are supported\n", channels);
159         return AVERROR(EINVAL);
160     }
161 
162     /* sample rate and encoding mode */
163     switch (avctx->sample_rate) {
164     case  8000: mode = speex_lib_get_mode(SPEEX_MODEID_NB);  break;
165     case 16000: mode = speex_lib_get_mode(SPEEX_MODEID_WB);  break;
166     case 32000: mode = speex_lib_get_mode(SPEEX_MODEID_UWB); break;
167     default:
168         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Sample rate of %d Hz is not supported. "
169                "Resample to 8, 16, or 32 kHz.\n", avctx->sample_rate);
170         return AVERROR(EINVAL);
171     }
172 
173     /* initialize libspeex */
174     s->enc_state = speex_encoder_init(mode);
175     if (!s->enc_state) {
176         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Error initializing libspeex\n");
177         return -1;
178     }
179     speex_init_header(&s->header, avctx->sample_rate, channels, mode);
180 
181     /* rate control method and parameters */
182     if (avctx->flags & AV_CODEC_FLAG_QSCALE) {
183         /* VBR */
184         s->header.vbr = 1;
185         s->vad = 1; /* VAD is always implicitly activated for VBR */
186         speex_encoder_ctl(s->enc_state, SPEEX_SET_VBR, &s->header.vbr);
187         s->vbr_quality = av_clipf(avctx->global_quality / (float)FF_QP2LAMBDA,
188                                   0.0f, 10.0f);
189         speex_encoder_ctl(s->enc_state, SPEEX_SET_VBR_QUALITY, &s->vbr_quality);
190     } else {
191         s->header.bitrate = avctx->bit_rate;
192         if (avctx->bit_rate > 0) {
193             /* CBR or ABR by bitrate */
194             if (s->abr) {
195                 speex_encoder_ctl(s->enc_state, SPEEX_SET_ABR,
196                                   &s->header.bitrate);
197                 speex_encoder_ctl(s->enc_state, SPEEX_GET_ABR,
198                                   &s->header.bitrate);
199             } else {
200                 speex_encoder_ctl(s->enc_state, SPEEX_SET_BITRATE,
201                                   &s->header.bitrate);
202                 speex_encoder_ctl(s->enc_state, SPEEX_GET_BITRATE,
203                                   &s->header.bitrate);
204             }
205         } else {
206             /* CBR by quality */
207             speex_encoder_ctl(s->enc_state, SPEEX_SET_QUALITY,
208                               &s->cbr_quality);
209             speex_encoder_ctl(s->enc_state, SPEEX_GET_BITRATE,
210                               &s->header.bitrate);
211         }
212         /* stereo side information adds about 800 bps to the base bitrate */
213         /* TODO: this should be calculated exactly */
214         avctx->bit_rate = s->header.bitrate + (channels == 2 ? 800 : 0);
215     }
216 
217     /* VAD is activated with VBR or can be turned on by itself */
218     if (s->vad)
219         speex_encoder_ctl(s->enc_state, SPEEX_SET_VAD, &s->vad);
220 
221     /* Activating Discontinuous Transmission */
222     if (s->dtx) {
223         speex_encoder_ctl(s->enc_state, SPEEX_SET_DTX, &s->dtx);
224         if (!(s->abr || s->vad || s->header.vbr))
225             av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "DTX is not much of use without ABR, VAD or VBR\n");
226     }
227 
228     /* set encoding complexity */
229     if (avctx->compression_level > FF_COMPRESSION_DEFAULT) {
230         complexity = av_clip(avctx->compression_level, 0, 10);
231         speex_encoder_ctl(s->enc_state, SPEEX_SET_COMPLEXITY, &complexity);
232     }
233     speex_encoder_ctl(s->enc_state, SPEEX_GET_COMPLEXITY, &complexity);
234     avctx->compression_level = complexity;
235 
236     /* set packet size */
237     avctx->frame_size = s->header.frame_size;
238     s->header.frames_per_packet = s->frames_per_packet;
239 
240     /* set encoding delay */
241     speex_encoder_ctl(s->enc_state, SPEEX_GET_LOOKAHEAD, &avctx->initial_padding);
242     ff_af_queue_init(avctx, &s->afq);
243 
244     /* create header packet bytes from header struct */
245     /* note: libspeex allocates the memory for header_data, which is freed
246              below with speex_header_free() */
247     header_data = speex_header_to_packet(&s->header, &header_size);
248 
249     /* allocate extradata */
250     avctx->extradata = av_malloc(header_size + AV_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE);
251     if (!avctx->extradata) {
252         speex_header_free(header_data);
253         speex_encoder_destroy(s->enc_state);
254         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "memory allocation error\n");
255         return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
256     }
257 
258     /* copy header packet to extradata */
259     memcpy(avctx->extradata, header_data, header_size);
260     avctx->extradata_size = header_size;
261     speex_header_free(header_data);
262 
263     /* init libspeex bitwriter */
264     speex_bits_init(&s->bits);
265 
266     print_enc_params(avctx, s);
267     return 0;
268 }
269 
encode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVPacket *avpkt, const AVFrame *frame, int *got_packet_ptr)270 static int encode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVPacket *avpkt,
271                         const AVFrame *frame, int *got_packet_ptr)
272 {
273     LibSpeexEncContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
274     int16_t *samples      = frame ? (int16_t *)frame->data[0] : NULL;
275     int ret;
276 
277     if (samples) {
278         /* encode Speex frame */
279         if (avctx->ch_layout.nb_channels == 2)
280             speex_encode_stereo_int(samples, s->header.frame_size, &s->bits);
281         speex_encode_int(s->enc_state, samples, &s->bits);
282         s->pkt_frame_count++;
283         if ((ret = ff_af_queue_add(&s->afq, frame)) < 0)
284             return ret;
285     } else {
286         /* handle end-of-stream */
287         if (!s->pkt_frame_count)
288             return 0;
289         /* add extra terminator codes for unused frames in last packet */
290         while (s->pkt_frame_count < s->frames_per_packet) {
291             speex_bits_pack(&s->bits, 15, 5);
292             s->pkt_frame_count++;
293         }
294     }
295 
296     /* write output if all frames for the packet have been encoded */
297     if (s->pkt_frame_count == s->frames_per_packet) {
298         s->pkt_frame_count = 0;
299         if ((ret = ff_alloc_packet(avctx, avpkt, speex_bits_nbytes(&s->bits))) < 0)
300             return ret;
301         ret = speex_bits_write(&s->bits, avpkt->data, avpkt->size);
302         speex_bits_reset(&s->bits);
303 
304         /* Get the next frame pts/duration */
305         ff_af_queue_remove(&s->afq, s->frames_per_packet * avctx->frame_size,
306                            &avpkt->pts, &avpkt->duration);
307 
308         avpkt->size = ret;
309         *got_packet_ptr = 1;
310         return 0;
311     }
312     return 0;
313 }
314 
encode_close(AVCodecContext *avctx)315 static av_cold int encode_close(AVCodecContext *avctx)
316 {
317     LibSpeexEncContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
318 
319     speex_bits_destroy(&s->bits);
320     speex_encoder_destroy(s->enc_state);
321 
322     ff_af_queue_close(&s->afq);
323 
324     return 0;
325 }
326 
327 #define OFFSET(x) offsetof(LibSpeexEncContext, x)
328 #define AE AV_OPT_FLAG_AUDIO_PARAM | AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM
329 static const AVOption options[] = {
330     { "abr",               "Use average bit rate",                      OFFSET(abr),               AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, { .i64 = 0 }, 0,   1, AE },
331     { "cbr_quality",       "Set quality value (0 to 10) for CBR",       OFFSET(cbr_quality),       AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, { .i64 = 8 }, 0,  10, AE },
332     { "frames_per_packet", "Number of frames to encode in each packet", OFFSET(frames_per_packet), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, { .i64 = 1 }, 1,   8, AE },
333     { "vad",               "Voice Activity Detection",                  OFFSET(vad),               AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, { .i64 = 0 }, 0,   1, AE },
334     { "dtx",               "Discontinuous Transmission",                OFFSET(dtx),               AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, { .i64 = 0 }, 0,   1, AE },
335     { NULL },
336 };
337 
338 static const AVClass speex_class = {
339     .class_name = "libspeex",
340     .item_name  = av_default_item_name,
341     .option     = options,
342     .version    = LIBAVUTIL_VERSION_INT,
343 };
344 
345 static const FFCodecDefault defaults[] = {
346     { "b",                 "0" },
347     { "compression_level", "3" },
348     { NULL },
349 };
350 
351 const FFCodec ff_libspeex_encoder = {
352     .p.name         = "libspeex",
353     .p.long_name    = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("libspeex Speex"),
354     .p.type         = AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO,
355     .p.id           = AV_CODEC_ID_SPEEX,
356     .priv_data_size = sizeof(LibSpeexEncContext),
357     .init           = encode_init,
358     FF_CODEC_ENCODE_CB(encode_frame),
359     .close          = encode_close,
360     .p.capabilities = AV_CODEC_CAP_DELAY,
361     .p.sample_fmts  = (const enum AVSampleFormat[]){ AV_SAMPLE_FMT_S16,
362                                                      AV_SAMPLE_FMT_NONE },
363 #if FF_API_OLD_CHANNEL_LAYOUT
364     .p.channel_layouts = (const uint64_t[]){ AV_CH_LAYOUT_MONO,
365                                            AV_CH_LAYOUT_STEREO,
366                                            0 },
367 #endif
368     .p.ch_layouts    = (const AVChannelLayout[]) { AV_CHANNEL_LAYOUT_MONO,
369                                                    AV_CHANNEL_LAYOUT_STEREO,
370                                                    { 0 },
371     },
372     .p.supported_samplerates = (const int[]){ 8000, 16000, 32000, 0 },
373     .p.priv_class   = &speex_class,
374     .defaults       = defaults,
375     .p.wrapper_name = "libspeex",
376 };
377