1 /*
2  * pdu.h -- CoAP message structure
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2010-2014 Olaf Bergmann <bergmann@tzi.org>
5  *
6  * This file is part of the CoAP library libcoap. Please see README for terms
7  * of use.
8  */
9 
10 /**
11  * @file pdu.h
12  * @brief Pre-defined constants that reflect defaults for CoAP
13  */
14 
15 #ifndef COAP_PDU_H_
16 #define COAP_PDU_H_
17 
18 #include "uri.h"
19 
20 struct coap_session_t;
21 
22 #ifdef WITH_LWIP
23 #include <lwip/pbuf.h>
24 #endif
25 
26 #include <stdint.h>
27 
28 #define COAP_DEFAULT_PORT      5683 /* CoAP default UDP/TCP port */
29 #define COAPS_DEFAULT_PORT     5684 /* CoAP default UDP/TCP port for secure transmission */
30 #define COAP_DEFAULT_MAX_AGE     60 /* default maximum object lifetime in seconds */
31 #ifndef COAP_DEFAULT_MTU
32 #define COAP_DEFAULT_MTU       1152
33 #endif /* COAP_DEFAULT_MTU */
34 
35 /* TCP Message format constants, do not modify */
36 #define COAP_MESSAGE_SIZE_OFFSET_TCP8 13
37 #define COAP_MESSAGE_SIZE_OFFSET_TCP16 269 /* 13 + 256 */
38 #define COAP_MESSAGE_SIZE_OFFSET_TCP32 65805 /* 269 + 65536 */
39 
40 /* Derived message size limits */
41 #define COAP_MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE_TCP0 (COAP_MESSAGE_SIZE_OFFSET_TCP8-1) /* 12 */
42 #define COAP_MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE_TCP8 (COAP_MESSAGE_SIZE_OFFSET_TCP16-1) /* 268 */
43 #define COAP_MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE_TCP16 (COAP_MESSAGE_SIZE_OFFSET_TCP32-1) /* 65804 */
44 #define COAP_MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE_TCP32 (COAP_MESSAGE_SIZE_OFFSET_TCP32+0xFFFFFFFF)
45 
46 #ifndef COAP_DEFAULT_MAX_PDU_RX_SIZE
47 #if defined(WITH_CONTIKI) || defined(WITH_LWIP)
48 #define COAP_DEFAULT_MAX_PDU_RX_SIZE (COAP_MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE_TCP16+4)
49 #else
50 /* 8 MiB max-message-size plus some space for options */
51 #define COAP_DEFAULT_MAX_PDU_RX_SIZE (8*1024*1024+256)
52 #endif
53 #endif /* COAP_DEFAULT_MAX_PDU_RX_SIZE */
54 
55 #ifndef COAP_DEBUG_BUF_SIZE
56 #if defined(WITH_CONTIKI) || defined(WITH_LWIP)
57 #define COAP_DEBUG_BUF_SIZE 128
58 #else /* defined(WITH_CONTIKI) || defined(WITH_LWIP) */
59 /* 1024 derived from RFC7252 4.6.  Message Size max payload */
60 #define COAP_DEBUG_BUF_SIZE (8 + 1024 * 2)
61 #endif /* defined(WITH_CONTIKI) || defined(WITH_LWIP) */
62 #endif /* COAP_DEBUG_BUF_SIZE */
63 
64 #define COAP_DEFAULT_VERSION      1 /* version of CoAP supported */
65 #define COAP_DEFAULT_SCHEME  "coap" /* the default scheme for CoAP URIs */
66 
67 /** well-known resources URI */
68 #define COAP_DEFAULT_URI_WELLKNOWN ".well-known/core"
69 
70 /* CoAP message types */
71 
72 #define COAP_MESSAGE_CON       0 /* confirmable message (requires ACK/RST) */
73 #define COAP_MESSAGE_NON       1 /* non-confirmable message (one-shot message) */
74 #define COAP_MESSAGE_ACK       2 /* used to acknowledge confirmable messages */
75 #define COAP_MESSAGE_RST       3 /* indicates error in received messages */
76 
77 /* CoAP request methods */
78 
79 #define COAP_REQUEST_GET       1
80 #define COAP_REQUEST_POST      2
81 #define COAP_REQUEST_PUT       3
82 #define COAP_REQUEST_DELETE    4
83 #define COAP_REQUEST_FETCH     5 /* RFC 8132 */
84 #define COAP_REQUEST_PATCH     6 /* RFC 8132 */
85 #define COAP_REQUEST_IPATCH    7 /* RFC 8132 */
86 
87 /*
88  * CoAP option types (be sure to update coap_option_check_critical() when
89  * adding options
90  */
91 
92 #define COAP_OPTION_IF_MATCH        1 /* C, opaque, 0-8 B, (none) */
93 #define COAP_OPTION_URI_HOST        3 /* C, String, 1-255 B, destination address */
94 #define COAP_OPTION_ETAG            4 /* E, opaque, 1-8 B, (none) */
95 #define COAP_OPTION_IF_NONE_MATCH   5 /* empty, 0 B, (none) */
96 #define COAP_OPTION_URI_PORT        7 /* C, uint, 0-2 B, destination port */
97 #define COAP_OPTION_LOCATION_PATH   8 /* E, String, 0-255 B, - */
98 #define COAP_OPTION_URI_PATH       11 /* C, String, 0-255 B, (none) */
99 #define COAP_OPTION_CONTENT_FORMAT 12 /* E, uint, 0-2 B, (none) */
100 #define COAP_OPTION_CONTENT_TYPE COAP_OPTION_CONTENT_FORMAT
101 #define COAP_OPTION_MAXAGE         14 /* E, uint, 0--4 B, 60 Seconds */
102 #define COAP_OPTION_URI_QUERY      15 /* C, String, 1-255 B, (none) */
103 #define COAP_OPTION_ACCEPT         17 /* C, uint,   0-2 B, (none) */
104 #define COAP_OPTION_LOCATION_QUERY 20 /* E, String,   0-255 B, (none) */
105 #define COAP_OPTION_SIZE2          28 /* E, uint, 0-4 B, (none) */
106 #define COAP_OPTION_PROXY_URI      35 /* C, String, 1-1034 B, (none) */
107 #define COAP_OPTION_PROXY_SCHEME   39 /* C, String, 1-255 B, (none) */
108 #define COAP_OPTION_SIZE1          60 /* E, uint, 0-4 B, (none) */
109 
110 /* option types from RFC 7641 */
111 
112 #define COAP_OPTION_OBSERVE         6 /* E, empty/uint, 0 B/0-3 B, (none) */
113 #define COAP_OPTION_SUBSCRIPTION  COAP_OPTION_OBSERVE
114 
115 /* selected option types from RFC 7959 */
116 
117 #define COAP_OPTION_BLOCK2         23 /* C, uint, 0--3 B, (none) */
118 #define COAP_OPTION_BLOCK1         27 /* C, uint, 0--3 B, (none) */
119 
120 /* selected option types from RFC 7967 */
121 
122 #define COAP_OPTION_NORESPONSE    258 /* N, uint, 0--1 B, 0 */
123 
124 #define COAP_MAX_OPT            65535 /**< the highest option number we know */
125 
126 /* CoAP result codes (HTTP-Code / 100 * 40 + HTTP-Code % 100) */
127 
128 /* As of draft-ietf-core-coap-04, response codes are encoded to base
129  * 32, i.e.  the three upper bits determine the response class while
130  * the remaining five fine-grained information specific to that class.
131  */
132 #define COAP_RESPONSE_CODE(N) (((N)/100 << 5) | (N)%100)
133 
134 /* Determines the class of response code C */
135 #define COAP_RESPONSE_CLASS(C) (((C) >> 5) & 0xFF)
136 
137 #ifndef SHORT_ERROR_RESPONSE
138 /**
139  * Returns a human-readable response phrase for the specified CoAP response @p
140  * code. This function returns @c NULL if not found.
141  *
142  * @param code The response code for which the literal phrase should be
143  *             retrieved.
144  *
145  * @return     A zero-terminated string describing the error, or @c NULL if not
146  *             found.
147  */
148 const char *coap_response_phrase(unsigned char code);
149 
150 #define COAP_ERROR_PHRASE_LENGTH   32 /**< maximum length of error phrase */
151 
152 #else
153 #define coap_response_phrase(x) ((char *)NULL)
154 
155 #define COAP_ERROR_PHRASE_LENGTH    0 /**< maximum length of error phrase */
156 #endif /* SHORT_ERROR_RESPONSE */
157 
158 /* The following definitions exist for backwards compatibility */
159 #if 0 /* this does not exist any more */
160 #define COAP_RESPONSE_100      40 /* 100 Continue */
161 #endif
162 #define COAP_RESPONSE_200      COAP_RESPONSE_CODE(200)  /* 2.00 OK */
163 #define COAP_RESPONSE_201      COAP_RESPONSE_CODE(201)  /* 2.01 Created */
164 #define COAP_RESPONSE_304      COAP_RESPONSE_CODE(203)  /* 2.03 Valid */
165 #define COAP_RESPONSE_400      COAP_RESPONSE_CODE(400)  /* 4.00 Bad Request */
166 #define COAP_RESPONSE_404      COAP_RESPONSE_CODE(404)  /* 4.04 Not Found */
167 #define COAP_RESPONSE_405      COAP_RESPONSE_CODE(405)  /* 4.05 Method Not Allowed */
168 #define COAP_RESPONSE_415      COAP_RESPONSE_CODE(415)  /* 4.15 Unsupported Media Type */
169 #define COAP_RESPONSE_500      COAP_RESPONSE_CODE(500)  /* 5.00 Internal Server Error */
170 #define COAP_RESPONSE_501      COAP_RESPONSE_CODE(501)  /* 5.01 Not Implemented */
171 #define COAP_RESPONSE_503      COAP_RESPONSE_CODE(503)  /* 5.03 Service Unavailable */
172 #define COAP_RESPONSE_504      COAP_RESPONSE_CODE(504)  /* 5.04 Gateway Timeout */
173 #if 0  /* these response codes do not have a valid code any more */
174 #  define COAP_RESPONSE_X_240    240   /* Token Option required by server */
175 #  define COAP_RESPONSE_X_241    241   /* Uri-Authority Option required by server */
176 #endif
177 #define COAP_RESPONSE_X_242    COAP_RESPONSE_CODE(402)  /* Critical Option not supported */
178 
179 #define COAP_SIGNALING_CODE(N) (((N)/100 << 5) | (N)%100)
180 #define COAP_SIGNALING_CSM     COAP_SIGNALING_CODE(701)
181 #define COAP_SIGNALING_PING    COAP_SIGNALING_CODE(702)
182 #define COAP_SIGNALING_PONG    COAP_SIGNALING_CODE(703)
183 #define COAP_SIGNALING_RELEASE COAP_SIGNALING_CODE(704)
184 #define COAP_SIGNALING_ABORT   COAP_SIGNALING_CODE(705)
185 
186 /* Applies to COAP_SIGNALING_CSM */
187 #define COAP_SIGNALING_OPTION_MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE 2
188 #define COAP_SIGNALING_OPTION_BLOCK_WISE_TRANSFER 4
189 /* Applies to COAP_SIGNALING_PING / COAP_SIGNALING_PONG */
190 #define COAP_SIGNALING_OPTION_CUSTODY 2
191 /* Applies to COAP_SIGNALING_RELEASE */
192 #define COAP_SIGNALING_OPTION_ALTERNATIVE_ADDRESS 2
193 #define COAP_SIGNALING_OPTION_HOLD_OFF 4
194 /* Applies to COAP_SIGNALING_ABORT */
195 #define COAP_SIGNALING_OPTION_BAD_CSM_OPTION 2
196 
197 /* CoAP media type encoding */
198 
199 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_TEXT_PLAIN                 0 /* text/plain (UTF-8) */
200 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_LINK_FORMAT   40 /* application/link-format */
201 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_XML           41 /* application/xml */
202 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM  42 /* application/octet-stream */
203 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_RDF_XML       43 /* application/rdf+xml */
204 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_EXI           47 /* application/exi  */
205 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_JSON          50 /* application/json  */
206 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_CBOR          60 /* application/cbor  */
207 
208 /* Content formats from RFC 8152 */
209 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_COSE_SIGN     98 /* application/cose; cose-type="cose-sign"     */
210 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_COSE_SIGN1    18 /* application/cose; cose-type="cose-sign1"    */
211 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_COSE_ENCRYPT  96 /* application/cose; cose-type="cose-encrypt"  */
212 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_COSE_ENCRYPT0 16 /* application/cose; cose-type="cose-encrypt0" */
213 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_COSE_MAC      97 /* application/cose; cose-type="cose-mac"      */
214 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_COSE_MAC0     17 /* application/cose; cose-type="cose-mac0"     */
215 
216 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_COSE_KEY     101 /* application/cose-key  */
217 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_COSE_KEY_SET 102 /* application/cose-key-set  */
218 
219 /* Content formats from RFC 8428 */
220 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_SENML_JSON   110 /* application/senml+json  */
221 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_SENSML_JSON  111 /* application/sensml+json */
222 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_SENML_CBOR   112 /* application/senml+cbor  */
223 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_SENSML_CBOR  113 /* application/sensml+cbor */
224 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_SENML_EXI    114 /* application/senml-exi   */
225 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_SENSML_EXI   115 /* application/sensml-exi  */
226 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_SENML_XML    310 /* application/senml+xml   */
227 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_APPLICATION_SENSML_XML   311 /* application/sensml+xml  */
228 
229 /* Note that identifiers for registered media types are in the range 0-65535. We
230  * use an unallocated type here and hope for the best. */
231 #define COAP_MEDIATYPE_ANY                         0xff /* any media type */
232 
233 /**
234  * coap_tid_t is used to store CoAP transaction id, i.e. a hash value
235  * built from the remote transport address and the message id of a
236  * CoAP PDU.  Valid transaction ids are greater or equal zero.
237  */
238 typedef int coap_tid_t;
239 
240 /** Indicates an invalid transaction id. */
241 #define COAP_INVALID_TID -1
242 
243 /**
244  * Indicates that a response is suppressed. This will occur for error
245  * responses if the request was received via IP multicast.
246  */
247 #define COAP_DROPPED_RESPONSE -2
248 
249 #define COAP_PDU_DELAYED -3
250 
251 #define COAP_OPT_LONG 0x0F      /* OC == 0b1111 indicates that the option list
252                                  * in a CoAP message is limited by 0b11110000
253                                  * marker */
254 
255 #define COAP_OPT_END 0xF0       /* end marker */
256 
257 #define COAP_PAYLOAD_START 0xFF /* payload marker */
258 
259 /**
260  * @deprecated Use coap_optlist_t instead.
261  *
262  * Structures for more convenient handling of options. (To be used with ordered
263  * coap_list_t.) The option's data will be added to the end of the coap_option
264  * structure (see macro COAP_OPTION_DATA).
265  */
266 COAP_DEPRECATED typedef struct {
267   uint16_t key;           /* the option key (no delta coding) */
268   unsigned int length;
269 } coap_option;
270 
271 #define COAP_OPTION_KEY(option) (option).key
272 #define COAP_OPTION_LENGTH(option) (option).length
273 #define COAP_OPTION_DATA(option) ((unsigned char *)&(option) + sizeof(coap_option))
274 
275 /**
276  * structure for CoAP PDUs
277  * token, if any, follows the fixed size header, then options until
278  * payload marker (0xff), then the payload if stored inline.
279  * Memory layout is:
280  * <---header--->|<---token---><---options--->0xff<---payload--->
281  * header is addressed with a negative offset to token, its maximum size is
282  * max_hdr_size.
283  * options starts at token + token_length
284  * payload starts at data, its length is used_size - (data - token)
285  */
286 
287 typedef struct coap_pdu_t {
288   uint8_t type;             /**< message type */
289   uint8_t code;             /**< request method (value 1--10) or response code (value 40-255) */
290   uint8_t max_hdr_size;     /**< space reserved for protocol-specific header */
291   uint8_t hdr_size;         /**< actaul size used for protocol-specific header */
292   uint8_t token_length;     /**< length of Token */
293   uint16_t tid;             /**< transaction id, if any, in regular host byte order */
294   uint16_t max_delta;       /**< highest option number */
295   size_t alloc_size;        /**< allocated storage for token, options and payload */
296   size_t used_size;         /**< used bytes of storage for token, options and payload */
297   size_t max_size;          /**< maximum size for token, options and payload, or zero for variable size pdu */
298   uint8_t *token;           /**< first byte of token, if any, or options */
299   uint8_t *data;            /**< first byte of payload, if any */
300 #ifdef WITH_LWIP
301   struct pbuf *pbuf;        /**< lwIP PBUF. The package data will always reside
302                              *   inside the pbuf's payload, but this pointer
303                              *   has to be kept because no exact offset can be
304                              *   given. This field must not be accessed from
305                              *   outside, because the pbuf's reference count
306                              *   is checked to be 1 when the pbuf is assigned
307                              *   to the pdu, and the pbuf stays exclusive to
308                              *   this pdu. */
309 #endif
310 } coap_pdu_t;
311 
312 #define COAP_PDU_IS_EMPTY(pdu)     ((pdu)->code == 0)
313 #define COAP_PDU_IS_REQUEST(pdu)   (!COAP_PDU_IS_EMPTY(pdu) && (pdu)->code < 32)
314 #define COAP_PDU_IS_RESPONSE(pdu)  ((pdu)->code >= 64 && (pdu)->code < 224)
315 #define COAP_PDU_IS_SIGNALING(pdu) ((pdu)->code >= 224)
316 
317 #define COAP_PDU_MAX_UDP_HEADER_SIZE 4
318 #define COAP_PDU_MAX_TCP_HEADER_SIZE 6
319 
320 #ifdef WITH_LWIP
321 /**
322  * Creates a CoAP PDU from an lwIP @p pbuf, whose reference is passed on to this
323  * function.
324  *
325  * The pbuf is checked for being contiguous, and for having only one reference.
326  * The reference is stored in the PDU and will be freed when the PDU is freed.
327  *
328  * (For now, these are fatal errors; in future, a new pbuf might be allocated,
329  * the data copied and the passed pbuf freed).
330  *
331  * This behaves like coap_pdu_init(0, 0, 0, pbuf->tot_len), and afterwards
332  * copying the contents of the pbuf to the pdu.
333  *
334  * @return A pointer to the new PDU object or @c NULL on error.
335  */
336 coap_pdu_t *coap_pdu_from_pbuf(struct pbuf *pbuf, coap_pdu_t *recv_pdu);
337 #endif
338 
339 typedef uint8_t coap_proto_t;
340 /**
341 * coap_proto_t values
342 */
343 #define COAP_PROTO_NONE         0
344 #define COAP_PROTO_UDP          1
345 #if defined(HAVE_LIBTINYDTLS) || defined(HAVE_OPENSSL) || defined(HAVE_LIBGNUTLS)
346 #define COAP_PROTO_DTLS         2
347 #endif /* HAVE_LIBTINYDTLS || HAVE_OPENSSL || HAVE_LIBGNUTLS */
348 #ifndef COAP_NO_TCP
349 #define COAP_PROTO_TCP          3
350 #if defined(HAVE_LIBTINYDTLS) || defined(HAVE_OPENSSL) || defined(HAVE_LIBGNUTLS)
351 #define COAP_PROTO_TLS          4
352 #endif /* HAVE_LIBTINYDTLS || HAVE_OPENSSL || HAVE_LIBGNUTLS */
353 #endif /* COAP_NO_TCP */
354 
355 /**
356  * Creates a new CoAP PDU with at least enough storage space for the given
357  * @p size maximum message size. The function returns a pointer to the
358  * node coap_pdu_t object on success, or @c NULL on error. The storage allocated
359  * for the result must be released with coap_delete_pdu() if coap_send() is not
360  * called.
361  *
362  * @param type The type of the PDU (one of COAP_MESSAGE_CON, COAP_MESSAGE_NON,
363  *             COAP_MESSAGE_ACK, COAP_MESSAGE_RST).
364  * @param code The message code.
365  * @param tid  The transcation id to set or 0 if unknown / not applicable.
366  * @param size The maximum allowed number of byte for the message.
367  * @return     A pointer to the new PDU object or @c NULL on error.
368  */
369 coap_pdu_t *
370 coap_pdu_init(uint8_t type, uint8_t code, uint16_t tid, size_t size);
371 
372 /**
373  * Dynamically grows the size of @p pdu to @p new_size. The new size
374  * must not exceed the PDU's configure maximum size. On success, this
375  * function returns 1, otherwise 0.
376  *
377  * @param pdu      The PDU to resize.
378  * @param new_size The new size in bytes.
379  * @return         1 if the operation succeeded, 0 otherwise.
380  */
381 int coap_pdu_resize(coap_pdu_t *pdu, size_t new_size);
382 
383 /**
384  * Clears any contents from @p pdu and resets @c used_size,
385  * and @c data pointers. @c max_size is set to @p size, any
386  * other field is set to @c 0. Note that @p pdu must be a valid
387  * pointer to a coap_pdu_t object created e.g. by coap_pdu_init().
388  */
389 void coap_pdu_clear(coap_pdu_t *pdu, size_t size);
390 
391 /**
392  * Creates a new CoAP PDU.
393  */
394 coap_pdu_t *coap_new_pdu(const struct coap_session_t *session);
395 
396 /**
397  * Dispose of an CoAP PDU and frees associated storage.
398  * Not that in general you should not call this function directly.
399  * When a PDU is sent with coap_send(), coap_delete_pdu() will be
400  * called automatically for you.
401  */
402 
403 void coap_delete_pdu(coap_pdu_t *);
404 
405 /**
406 * Interprets @p data to determine the number of bytes in the header.
407 * This function returns @c 0 on error or a number greater than zero on success.
408 *
409 * @param proto  Session's protocol
410 * @param data   The first byte of raw data to parse as CoAP PDU.
411 *
412 * @return       A value greater than zero on success or @c 0 on error.
413 */
414 size_t coap_pdu_parse_header_size(coap_proto_t proto,
415                                  const uint8_t *data);
416 
417 /**
418  * Parses @p data to extract the message size.
419  * @p length must be at least coap_pdu_parse_header_size(proto, data).
420  * This function returns @c 0 on error or a number greater than zero on success.
421  *
422  * @param proto  Session's protocol
423  * @param data   The raw data to parse as CoAP PDU.
424  * @param length The actual size of @p data.
425  *
426  * @return       A value greater than zero on success or @c 0 on error.
427  */
428 size_t coap_pdu_parse_size(coap_proto_t proto,
429                            const uint8_t *data,
430                            size_t length);
431 
432 /**
433  * Decode the protocol specific header for the specified PDU.
434  * @param pdu A newly received PDU.
435  * @param proto The target wire protocol.
436  * @return 1 for success or 0 on error.
437  */
438 
439 int coap_pdu_parse_header(coap_pdu_t *pdu, coap_proto_t proto);
440 
441 /**
442  * Verify consistency in the given CoAP PDU structure and locate the data.
443  * This function returns @c 0 on error or a number greater than zero on
444  * success.
445  * This function only parses the token and options, up to the payload start
446  * marker.
447  *
448  * @param pdu     The PDU structure to.
449  *
450  * @return       1 on success or @c 0 on error.
451  */
452 int coap_pdu_parse_opt(coap_pdu_t *pdu);
453 
454 /**
455 * Parses @p data into the CoAP PDU structure given in @p result.
456 * The target pdu must be large enough to
457 * This function returns @c 0 on error or a number greater than zero on success.
458 *
459 * @param proto   Session's protocol
460 * @param data    The raw data to parse as CoAP PDU.
461 * @param length  The actual size of @p data.
462 * @param pdu     The PDU structure to fill. Note that the structure must
463 *                provide space to hold at least the token and options
464 *                part of the message.
465 *
466 * @return       1 on success or @c 0 on error.
467 */
468 int coap_pdu_parse(coap_proto_t proto,
469                    const uint8_t *data,
470                    size_t length,
471                    coap_pdu_t *pdu);
472 /**
473  * Adds token of length @p len to @p pdu.
474  * Adding the token destroys any following contents of the pdu. Hence options
475  * and data must be added after coap_add_token() has been called. In @p pdu,
476  * length is set to @p len + @c 4, and max_delta is set to @c 0. This function
477  * returns @c 0 on error or a value greater than zero on success.
478  *
479  * @param pdu  The PDU where the token is to be added.
480  * @param len  The length of the new token.
481  * @param data The token to add.
482  *
483  * @return     A value greater than zero on success, or @c 0 on error.
484  */
485 int coap_add_token(coap_pdu_t *pdu,
486                   size_t len,
487                   const uint8_t *data);
488 
489 /**
490  * Adds option of given type to pdu that is passed as first
491  * parameter.
492  * coap_add_option() destroys the PDU's data, so coap_add_data() must be called
493  * after all options have been added. As coap_add_token() destroys the options
494  * following the token, the token must be added before coap_add_option() is
495  * called. This function returns the number of bytes written or @c 0 on error.
496  */
497 size_t coap_add_option(coap_pdu_t *pdu,
498                        uint16_t type,
499                        size_t len,
500                        const uint8_t *data);
501 
502 /**
503  * Adds option of given type to pdu that is passed as first parameter, but does
504  * not write a value. It works like coap_add_option with respect to calling
505  * sequence (i.e. after token and before data). This function returns a memory
506  * address to which the option data has to be written before the PDU can be
507  * sent, or @c NULL on error.
508  */
509 uint8_t *coap_add_option_later(coap_pdu_t *pdu,
510                                uint16_t type,
511                                size_t len);
512 
513 /**
514  * Adds given data to the pdu that is passed as first parameter. Note that the
515  * PDU's data is destroyed by coap_add_option(). coap_add_data() must be called
516  * only once per PDU, otherwise the result is undefined.
517  */
518 int coap_add_data(coap_pdu_t *pdu,
519                   size_t len,
520                   const uint8_t *data);
521 
522 /**
523  * Adds given data to the pdu that is passed as first parameter but does not
524  * copyt it. Note that the PDU's data is destroyed by coap_add_option().
525  * coap_add_data() must be have been called once for this PDU, otherwise the
526  * result is undefined.
527  * The actual data must be copied at the returned location.
528  */
529 uint8_t *coap_add_data_after(coap_pdu_t *pdu, size_t len);
530 
531 /**
532  * Retrieves the length and data pointer of specified PDU. Returns 0 on error or
533  * 1 if *len and *data have correct values. Note that these values are destroyed
534  * with the pdu.
535  */
536 int coap_get_data(const coap_pdu_t *pdu,
537                   size_t *len,
538                   uint8_t **data);
539 
540 /**
541  * Compose the protocol specific header for the specified PDU.
542  * @param pdu A newly composed PDU.
543  * @param proto The target wire protocol.
544  * @return Number of header bytes prepended before pdu->token or 0 on error.
545  */
546 
547 size_t coap_pdu_encode_header(coap_pdu_t *pdu, coap_proto_t proto);
548 
549 #endif /* COAP_PDU_H_ */
550