xref: /third_party/node/doc/api/tracing.md

# Trace events

<!--introduced_in=v7.7.0-->

> Stability: 1 - Experimental

<!-- source_link=lib/trace_events.js -->

The `node:trace_events` module provides a mechanism to centralize tracing
information generated by V8, Node.js core, and userspace code.

Tracing can be enabled with the `--trace-event-categories` command-line flag
or by using the `node:trace_events` module. The `--trace-event-categories` flag
accepts a list of comma-separated category names.

The available categories are:

* `node`: An empty placeholder.
* `node.async_hooks`: Enables capture of detailed [`async_hooks`][] trace data.
  The [`async_hooks`][] events have a unique `asyncId` and a special `triggerId`
  `triggerAsyncId` property.
* `node.bootstrap`: Enables capture of Node.js bootstrap milestones.
* `node.console`: Enables capture of `console.time()` and `console.count()`
  output.
* `node.threadpoolwork.sync`: Enables capture of trace data for threadpool
  synchronous operations, such as `blob`, `zlib`, `crypto` and `node_api`.
* `node.threadpoolwork.async`: Enables capture of trace data for threadpool
  asynchronous operations, such as `blob`, `zlib`, `crypto` and `node_api`.
* `node.dns.native`: Enables capture of trace data for DNS queries.
* `node.net.native`: Enables capture of trace data for network.
* `node.environment`: Enables capture of Node.js Environment milestones.
* `node.fs.sync`: Enables capture of trace data for file system sync methods.
* `node.fs_dir.sync`: Enables capture of trace data for file system sync
  directory methods.
* `node.fs.async`: Enables capture of trace data for file system async methods.
* `node.fs_dir.async`: Enables capture of trace data for file system async
  directory methods.
* `node.perf`: Enables capture of [Performance API][] measurements.
  * `node.perf.usertiming`: Enables capture of only Performance API User Timing
    measures and marks.
  * `node.perf.timerify`: Enables capture of only Performance API timerify
    measurements.
* `node.promises.rejections`: Enables capture of trace data tracking the number
  of unhandled Promise rejections and handled-after-rejections.
* `node.vm.script`: Enables capture of trace data for the `node:vm` module's
  `runInNewContext()`, `runInContext()`, and `runInThisContext()` methods.
* `v8`: The [V8][] events are GC, compiling, and execution related.
* `node.http`: Enables capture of trace data for http request / response.

By default the `node`, `node.async_hooks`, and `v8` categories are enabled.

```bash
node --trace-event-categories v8,node,node.async_hooks server.js
```

Prior versions of Node.js required the use of the `--trace-events-enabled`
flag to enable trace events. This requirement has been removed. However, the
`--trace-events-enabled` flag _may_ still be used and will enable the
`node`, `node.async_hooks`, and `v8` trace event categories by default.

```bash
node --trace-events-enabled

# is equivalent to

node --trace-event-categories v8,node,node.async_hooks
```

Alternatively, trace events may be enabled using the `node:trace_events` module:

```js
const trace_events = require('node:trace_events');
const tracing = trace_events.createTracing({ categories: ['node.perf'] });
tracing.enable();  // Enable trace event capture for the 'node.perf' category

// do work

tracing.disable();  // Disable trace event capture for the 'node.perf' category
```

Running Node.js with tracing enabled will produce log files that can be opened
in the [`chrome://tracing`](https://www.chromium.org/developers/how-tos/trace-event-profiling-tool)
tab of Chrome.

The logging file is by default called `node_trace.${rotation}.log`, where
`${rotation}` is an incrementing log-rotation id. The filepath pattern can
be specified with `--trace-event-file-pattern` that accepts a template
string that supports `${rotation}` and `${pid}`:

```bash
node --trace-event-categories v8 --trace-event-file-pattern '${pid}-${rotation}.log' server.js
```

To guarantee that the log file is properly generated after signal events like
`SIGINT`, `SIGTERM`, or `SIGBREAK`, make sure to have the appropriate handlers
in your code, such as:

```js
process.on('SIGINT', function onSigint() {
  console.info('Received SIGINT.');
  process.exit(130);  // Or applicable exit code depending on OS and signal
});
```

The tracing system uses the same time source
as the one used by `process.hrtime()`.
However the trace-event timestamps are expressed in microseconds,
unlike `process.hrtime()` which returns nanoseconds.

The features from this module are not available in [`Worker`][] threads.

## The `node:trace_events` module

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### `Tracing` object

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The `Tracing` object is used to enable or disable tracing for sets of
categories. Instances are created using the `trace_events.createTracing()`
method.

When created, the `Tracing` object is disabled. Calling the
`tracing.enable()` method adds the categories to the set of enabled trace event
categories. Calling `tracing.disable()` will remove the categories from the
set of enabled trace event categories.

#### `tracing.categories`

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* {string}

A comma-separated list of the trace event categories covered by this
`Tracing` object.

#### `tracing.disable()`

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Disables this `Tracing` object.

Only trace event categories _not_ covered by other enabled `Tracing` objects
and _not_ specified by the `--trace-event-categories` flag will be disabled.

```js
const trace_events = require('node:trace_events');
const t1 = trace_events.createTracing({ categories: ['node', 'v8'] });
const t2 = trace_events.createTracing({ categories: ['node.perf', 'node'] });
t1.enable();
t2.enable();

// Prints 'node,node.perf,v8'
console.log(trace_events.getEnabledCategories());

t2.disable(); // Will only disable emission of the 'node.perf' category

// Prints 'node,v8'
console.log(trace_events.getEnabledCategories());
```

#### `tracing.enable()`

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Enables this `Tracing` object for the set of categories covered by the
`Tracing` object.

#### `tracing.enabled`

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* {boolean} `true` only if the `Tracing` object has been enabled.

### `trace_events.createTracing(options)`

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* `options` {Object}
  * `categories` {string\[]} An array of trace category names. Values included
    in the array are coerced to a string when possible. An error will be
    thrown if the value cannot be coerced.
* Returns: {Tracing}.

Creates and returns a `Tracing` object for the given set of `categories`.

```js
const trace_events = require('node:trace_events');
const categories = ['node.perf', 'node.async_hooks'];
const tracing = trace_events.createTracing({ categories });
tracing.enable();
// do stuff
tracing.disable();
```

### `trace_events.getEnabledCategories()`

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added: v10.0.0
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* Returns: {string}

Returns a comma-separated list of all currently-enabled trace event
categories. The current set of enabled trace event categories is determined
by the _union_ of all currently-enabled `Tracing` objects and any categories
enabled using the `--trace-event-categories` flag.

Given the file `test.js` below, the command
`node --trace-event-categories node.perf test.js` will print
`'node.async_hooks,node.perf'` to the console.

```js
const trace_events = require('node:trace_events');
const t1 = trace_events.createTracing({ categories: ['node.async_hooks'] });
const t2 = trace_events.createTracing({ categories: ['node.perf'] });
const t3 = trace_events.createTracing({ categories: ['v8'] });

t1.enable();
t2.enable();

console.log(trace_events.getEnabledCategories());
```

## Examples

### Collect trace events data by inspector

```js
'use strict';

const { Session } = require('inspector');
const session = new Session();
session.connect();

function post(message, data) {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    session.post(message, data, (err, result) => {
      if (err)
        reject(new Error(JSON.stringify(err)));
      else
        resolve(result);
    });
  });
}

async function collect() {
  const data = [];
  session.on('NodeTracing.dataCollected', (chunk) => data.push(chunk));
  session.on('NodeTracing.tracingComplete', () => {
    // done
  });
  const traceConfig = { includedCategories: ['v8'] };
  await post('NodeTracing.start', { traceConfig });
  // do something
  setTimeout(() => {
    post('NodeTracing.stop').then(() => {
      session.disconnect();
      console.log(data);
    });
  }, 1000);
}

collect();
```

[Performance API]: perf_hooks.md
[V8]: v8.md
[`Worker`]: worker_threads.md#class-worker
[`async_hooks`]: async_hooks.md