1/*
2 * coap_session_internal.h -- Structures, Enums & Functions that are not
3 * exposed to application programming
4 *
5 * Copyright (C) 2010-2023 Olaf Bergmann <bergmann@tzi.org>
6 *
7 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
8 *
9 * This file is part of the CoAP library libcoap. Please see README for terms
10 * of use.
11 */
12
13/**
14 * @file coap_session_internal.h
15 * @brief CoAP session internal information
16 */
17
18#ifndef COAP_SESSION_INTERNAL_H_
19#define COAP_SESSION_INTERNAL_H_
20
21#include "coap_internal.h"
22#include "coap_io_internal.h"
23#include "coap_ws_internal.h"
24
25#define COAP_DEFAULT_SESSION_TIMEOUT 300
26#define COAP_PARTIAL_SESSION_TIMEOUT_TICKS (30 * COAP_TICKS_PER_SECOND)
27#define COAP_DEFAULT_MAX_HANDSHAKE_SESSIONS 100
28
29/**
30 * @ingroup internal_api
31 * @defgroup session_internal Sessions
32 * Internal API for handling Sessions
33 * @{
34 */
35
36/**
37 * Only used for servers for hashing incoming packets. Cannot have local IP
38 * address as this may be an initial multicast and subsequent unicast address
39 */
40struct coap_addr_hash_t {
41  coap_address_t remote;       /**< remote address and port */
42  uint16_t lport;              /**< local port */
43  coap_proto_t proto;          /**< CoAP protocol */
44};
45
46typedef enum {
47  COAP_OSCORE_B_2_NONE = 0,
48  COAP_OSCORE_B_2_STEP_1,
49  COAP_OSCORE_B_2_STEP_2,
50  COAP_OSCORE_B_2_STEP_3,
51  COAP_OSCORE_B_2_STEP_4,
52  COAP_OSCORE_B_2_STEP_5,
53} COAP_OSCORE_B_2_STEP;
54
55/**
56 * coap_ext_token_check_t values
57 */
58typedef enum coap_ext_token_check_t {
59  COAP_EXT_T_NOT_CHECKED = 0, /**< Not checked */
60  COAP_EXT_T_CHECKED,         /**< Token size valid */
61  COAP_EXT_T_CHECKING,        /**< Token size check request sent */
62} coap_ext_token_check_t;
63
64/**
65 * Abstraction of virtual session that can be attached to coap_context_t
66 * (client) or coap_endpoint_t (server).
67 */
68struct coap_session_t {
69  coap_proto_t proto;               /**< protocol used */
70  coap_session_type_t type;         /**< client or server side socket */
71  coap_session_state_t state;       /**< current state of relationship with
72                                         peer */
73  unsigned ref;                     /**< reference count from queues */
74  size_t tls_overhead;              /**< overhead of TLS layer */
75  size_t mtu;                       /**< path or CSM mtu (xmt) */
76  size_t csm_rcv_mtu;               /**< CSM mtu (rcv) */
77  coap_addr_hash_t addr_hash;  /**< Address hash for server incoming packets */
78  UT_hash_handle hh;
79  coap_addr_tuple_t addr_info;      /**< remote/local address info */
80  int ifindex;                      /**< interface index */
81  coap_socket_t sock;               /**< socket object for the session, if
82                                         any */
83#if COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT
84  coap_endpoint_t *endpoint;        /**< session's endpoint */
85#endif /* COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */
86  coap_context_t *context;          /**< session's context */
87  void *tls;                        /**< security parameters */
88  uint16_t tx_mid;                  /**< the last message id that was used in
89                                         this session */
90  uint8_t con_active;               /**< Active CON request sent */
91  uint8_t csm_block_supported;      /**< CSM TCP blocks supported */
92  coap_mid_t last_ping_mid;         /**< the last keepalive message id that was
93                                         used in this session */
94  coap_queue_t *delayqueue;         /**< list of delayed messages waiting to
95                                         be sent */
96  coap_lg_xmit_t *lg_xmit;          /**< list of large transmissions */
97#if COAP_CLIENT_SUPPORT
98  coap_lg_crcv_t *lg_crcv;       /**< Client list of expected large receives */
99#endif /* COAP_CLIENT_SUPPORT */
100#if COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT
101  coap_lg_srcv_t *lg_srcv;       /**< Server list of expected large receives */
102#endif /* COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */
103  size_t partial_write;             /**< if > 0 indicates number of bytes
104                                         already written from the pdu at the
105                                         head of sendqueue */
106  uint8_t read_header[8];           /**< storage space for header of incoming
107                                         message header */
108  size_t partial_read;              /**< if > 0 indicates number of bytes
109                                        already read for an incoming message */
110  coap_pdu_t *partial_pdu;          /**< incomplete incoming pdu */
111  coap_tick_t last_rx_tx;
112  coap_tick_t last_tx_rst;
113  coap_tick_t last_ping;
114  coap_tick_t last_pong;
115  coap_tick_t csm_tx;
116  coap_dtls_cpsk_t cpsk_setup_data; /**< client provided PSK initial setup
117                                         data */
118  coap_bin_const_t *psk_identity;   /**< If client, this field contains the
119                                      current identity for server; When this
120                                      field is NULL, the current identity is
121                                      contained in cpsk_setup_data
122
123                                      If server, this field contains the client
124                                      provided identity.
125
126                                      Value maintained internally */
127  coap_bin_const_t *psk_key;        /**< If client, this field contains the
128                                      current pre-shared key for server;
129                                      When this field is NULL, the current
130                                      key is contained in cpsk_setup_data
131
132                                      If server, this field contains the
133                                      client's current key.
134
135                                      Value maintained internally */
136  coap_bin_const_t *psk_hint;       /**< If client, this field contains the
137                                      server provided identity hint.
138
139                                      If server, this field contains the
140                                      current hint for the client; When this
141                                      field is NULL, the current hint is
142                                      contained in context->spsk_setup_data
143
144                                      Value maintained internally */
145  void *app;                        /**< application-specific data */
146  coap_fixed_point_t ack_timeout;   /**< timeout waiting for ack
147                                         (default 2.0 secs) */
148  coap_fixed_point_t ack_random_factor; /**< ack random factor backoff (default
149                                             1.5) */
150  uint16_t max_retransmit;          /**< maximum re-transmit count
151                                         (default 4) */
152  uint16_t nstart;                  /**< maximum concurrent confirmable xmits
153                                         (default 1) */
154  coap_fixed_point_t default_leisure; /**< Mcast leisure time
155                                           (default 5.0 secs) */
156  uint32_t probing_rate;            /**< Max transfer wait when remote is not
157                                         respoding (default 1 byte/sec) */
158#if COAP_Q_BLOCK_SUPPORT
159  uint16_t max_payloads;            /**< maximum Q-BlockX payloads before delay
160                                         (default 10) */
161  uint16_t non_max_retransmit;      /**< maximum Q-BlockX non re-transmit count
162                                         (default 4) */
163  coap_fixed_point_t non_timeout;   /**< Q-BlockX timeout waiting for response
164                                         (default 2.0 secs) */
165  coap_fixed_point_t non_receive_timeout;  /**< Q-BlockX receive timeout before
166                                         requesting missing packets.
167                                         (default 4.0 secs) */
168  coap_fixed_point_t non_probing_wait_base; /**< Q-BlockX max wait time base
169                                              while probing
170                                             (default 247.0 secs) */
171  coap_fixed_point_t non_partial_timeout; /**< Q-BlockX time to wait before
172                                           discarding partial data for a body.
173                                           (default 247.0 secs) */
174#endif /* COAP_Q_BLOCK_SUPPORT */
175  unsigned int dtls_timeout_count;      /**< dtls setup retry counter */
176  int dtls_event;                       /**< Tracking any (D)TLS events on this
177                                             session */
178  uint32_t tx_rtag;               /**< Next Request-Tag number to use */
179  uint8_t csm_bert_rem_support;  /**< CSM TCP BERT blocks supported (remote) */
180  uint8_t csm_bert_loc_support;  /**< CSM TCP BERT blocks supported (local) */
181  uint8_t block_mode;             /**< Zero or more COAP_BLOCK_ or'd options */
182  uint8_t doing_first;            /**< Set if doing client's first request */
183  uint8_t proxy_session;        /**< Set if this is an ongoing proxy session */
184  uint8_t delay_recursive;        /**< Set if in coap_client_delay_first() */
185  uint8_t no_observe_cancel;      /**< Set if do not cancel observe on session
186                                       close */
187#if COAP_OSCORE_SUPPORT
188  uint8_t oscore_encryption;      /**< OSCORE is used for this session  */
189  COAP_OSCORE_B_2_STEP b_2_step;  /**< Appendix B.2 negotiation step */
190  oscore_recipient_ctx_t *recipient_ctx; /**< OSCORE recipient context
191                                              for session */
192  oscore_association_t *associations; /**< OSCORE set of response
193                                           associations */
194  uint64_t oscore_r2;             /**< R2 for RFC8613 Appendix B.2 */
195#endif /* COAP_OSCORE_SUPPORT */
196#if COAP_WS_SUPPORT
197  coap_ws_state_t *ws;            /**< WS state */
198  coap_str_const_t *ws_host;      /**< Host to use in WS Request */
199#endif /* COAP_WS_SUPPORT */
200  volatile uint8_t max_token_checked; /**< Check for max token size
201                                           coap_ext_token_check_t */
202  uint16_t remote_test_mid;       /**< mid used for checking remote
203                                       support */
204  uint32_t max_token_size;        /**< Largest token size supported RFC8974 */
205  uint64_t tx_token;              /**< Next token number to use */
206  coap_bin_const_t *last_token;   /** last token used to make a request */
207  coap_bin_const_t *echo;         /**< Echo value to send with next request */
208  coap_mid_t last_ack_mid;        /**< The last ACK mid that has been
209                                       been processed */
210  coap_mid_t last_con_mid;        /**< The last CON mid that has been
211                                       been processed */
212};
213
214#if COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT
215/**
216 * Abstraction of virtual endpoint that can be attached to coap_context_t. The
217 * keys (port, bind_addr) must uniquely identify this endpoint.
218 */
219struct coap_endpoint_t {
220  struct coap_endpoint_t *next;
221  coap_context_t *context;        /**< endpoint's context */
222  coap_proto_t proto;             /**< protocol used on this interface */
223  uint16_t default_mtu;           /**< default mtu for this interface */
224  coap_socket_t sock;             /**< socket object for the interface, if
225                                       any */
226  coap_address_t bind_addr;       /**< local interface address */
227  coap_session_t *sessions;       /**< hash table or list of active sessions */
228};
229#endif /* COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */
230
231coap_fixed_point_t coap_multi_fixed_fixed(coap_fixed_point_t fp1,
232                                          coap_fixed_point_t fp2);
233
234coap_fixed_point_t coap_multi_fixed_uint(coap_fixed_point_t fp1,
235                                         uint32_t u2);
236
237coap_fixed_point_t coap_add_fixed_fixed(coap_fixed_point_t fp1,
238                                        coap_fixed_point_t fp2);
239
240coap_fixed_point_t coap_add_fixed_uint(coap_fixed_point_t fp1,
241                                       uint32_t u2);
242
243coap_fixed_point_t coap_sub_fixed_uint(coap_fixed_point_t fp1,
244                                       uint32_t u2);
245
246coap_fixed_point_t coap_div_fixed_uint(coap_fixed_point_t fp1, uint32_t u2);
247
248coap_fixed_point_t coap_get_non_timeout_random(coap_session_t *session);
249
250coap_tick_t coap_get_non_timeout_random_ticks(coap_session_t *session);
251
252
253/**
254 * Notify session transport has just connected and CSM exchange can now start.
255 *
256 * @param session The CoAP session.
257 */
258void coap_session_send_csm(coap_session_t *session);
259
260/**
261 * Notify session that it has just connected or reconnected.
262 *
263 * @param session The CoAP session.
264 */
265void coap_session_connected(coap_session_t *session);
266
267/**
268 * Refresh the session's current Identity Hint (PSK).
269 * Note: A copy of @p psk_hint is maintained in the session by libcoap.
270 *
271 * @param session  The current coap_session_t object.
272 * @param psk_hint If NULL, the Identity Hint will revert to the
273 *                 initial Identity Hint used at session setup.
274 *
275 * @return @c 1 if successful, else @c 0.
276 */
277int coap_session_refresh_psk_hint(coap_session_t *session,
278                                  const coap_bin_const_t *psk_hint);
279
280/**
281 * Refresh the session's current pre-shared key (PSK).
282 * Note: A copy of @p psk_key is maintained in the session by libcoap.
283 *
284 * @param session  The current coap_session_t object.
285 * @param psk_key  If NULL, the pre-shared key will revert to the
286 *                 initial pre-shared key used at session setup.
287 *
288 * @return @c 1 if successful, else @c 0.
289 */
290int coap_session_refresh_psk_key(coap_session_t *session,
291                                 const coap_bin_const_t *psk_key);
292
293/**
294 * Refresh the session's current pre-shared identity (PSK).
295 * Note: A copy of @p psk_identity is maintained in the session by libcoap.
296 *
297 * @param session  The current coap_session_t object.
298 * @param psk_identity  If NULL, the pre-shared identity will revert to the
299 *                 initial pre-shared key used as session setup.
300 *
301 * @return @c 1 if successful, else @c 0.
302 */
303int coap_session_refresh_psk_identity(coap_session_t *session,
304                                      const coap_bin_const_t *psk_identity);
305
306#if COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT
307/**
308 * Creates a new server session for the specified endpoint.
309 * @param ctx The CoAP context.
310 * @param ep An endpoint where an incoming connection request is pending.
311 *
312 * @return A new CoAP session or NULL if failed. Call coap_session_release to
313 * add to unused queue.
314 */
315coap_session_t *coap_new_server_session(
316    coap_context_t *ctx,
317    coap_endpoint_t *ep
318);
319#endif /* COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */
320
321/**
322 * Layer function interface for layer below session accept/connect being
323 * established. This function initiates a CSM request for reliable protocols,
324 * or coap_session_connect() for un-reliable protocols.
325 *
326 * @param session Session that the lower layer accept/connect was done on.
327 *
328 */
329void coap_session_establish(coap_session_t *session);
330
331/**
332 * Send a pdu according to the session's protocol. This function returns
333 * the number of bytes that have been transmitted, or a value less than zero
334 * on error.
335 *
336 * @param session          Session to send pdu on.
337 * @param pdu              The pdu to send.
338 *
339 * @return                 The number of bytes written on success, or a value
340 *                         less than zero on error.
341 */
342ssize_t coap_session_send_pdu(coap_session_t *session, coap_pdu_t *pdu);
343
344ssize_t coap_session_delay_pdu(coap_session_t *session, coap_pdu_t *pdu,
345                               coap_queue_t *node);
346
347#if COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT
348/**
349 * Lookup the server session for the packet received on an endpoint, or create
350 * a new one.
351 *
352 * @param endpoint Active endpoint the packet was received on.
353 * @param packet Received packet.
354 * @param now The current time in ticks.
355 * @return The CoAP session or @c NULL if error.
356 */
357coap_session_t *coap_endpoint_get_session(coap_endpoint_t *endpoint,
358                                          const coap_packet_t *packet, coap_tick_t now);
359#endif /* COAP_SERVER_SUPPORT */
360
361/**
362 * Get maximum acceptable receive PDU size
363 *
364 * @param session The CoAP session.
365 * @return maximum PDU size, not including header (but including token).
366 */
367size_t coap_session_max_pdu_rcv_size(const coap_session_t *session);
368
369/**
370 * Create a new DTLS session for the @p session.
371 * Note: the @p session is released if no DTLS server session can be created.
372 *
373 * @ingroup dtls_internal
374 *
375 * @param session   Session to add DTLS session to
376 * @param now       The current time in ticks.
377 *
378 * @return CoAP session or @c NULL if error.
379 */
380coap_session_t *coap_session_new_dtls_session(coap_session_t *session,
381                                              coap_tick_t now);
382
383void coap_session_free(coap_session_t *session);
384void coap_session_mfree(coap_session_t *session);
385
386#define COAP_SESSION_REF(s) ((s)->ref
387
388/* RFC7252 */
389#define COAP_ACK_TIMEOUT(s) ((s)->ack_timeout)
390#define COAP_ACK_RANDOM_FACTOR(s) ((s)->ack_random_factor)
391#define COAP_MAX_RETRANSMIT(s) ((s)->max_retransmit)
392#define COAP_NSTART(s) ((s)->nstart)
393#define COAP_DEFAULT_LEISURE(s) ((s)->default_leisure)
394#define COAP_PROBING_RATE(s) ((s)->probing_rate)
395/* RFC9177 */
396#define COAP_MAX_PAYLOADS(s) ((s)->max_payloads)
397#define COAP_NON_MAX_RETRANSMIT(s) ((s)->non_max_retransmit)
398#define COAP_NON_TIMEOUT(s) ((s)->non_timeout)
399#define COAP_NON_TIMEOUT_TICKS(s) \
400  (COAP_NON_TIMEOUT(s).integer_part * COAP_TICKS_PER_SECOND + \
401   COAP_NON_TIMEOUT(s).fractional_part * COAP_TICKS_PER_SECOND / 1000)
402#define COAP_NON_RECEIVE_TIMEOUT(s) ((s)->non_receive_timeout)
403#define COAP_NON_PROBING_WAIT_BASE(s) ((s)->non_probing_wait_base)
404#define COAP_NON_PARTIAL_TIMEOUT(s) ((s)->non_partial_timeout)
405
406/**
407 * The DEFAULT_LEISURE definition for the session (s).
408 *
409 * RFC 7252, Section 4.8
410 * Initial value 5.0 seconds
411 */
412#define COAP_DEFAULT_LEISURE_TICKS(s) \
413  (COAP_DEFAULT_LEISURE(s).integer_part * COAP_TICKS_PER_SECOND + \
414   COAP_DEFAULT_LEISURE(s).fractional_part * COAP_TICKS_PER_SECOND / 1000)
415/**
416 * The MAX_TRANSMIT_SPAN definition for the session (s).
417 *
418 * RFC 7252, Section 4.8.2 Calculation of MAX_TRAMSMIT_SPAN
419 *  ACK_TIMEOUT * ((2 ** (MAX_RETRANSMIT)) - 1) * ACK_RANDOM_FACTOR
420 */
421#define COAP_MAX_TRANSMIT_SPAN(s) \
422  (((s)->ack_timeout.integer_part * 1000 + (s)->ack_timeout.fractional_part) * \
423   ((1 << ((s)->max_retransmit)) -1) * \
424   ((s)->ack_random_factor.integer_part * 1000 + \
425    (s)->ack_random_factor.fractional_part) \
426   / 1000000)
427
428/**
429 * The MAX_TRANSMIT_WAIT definition for the session (s).
430 *
431 * RFC 7252, Section 4.8.2 Calculation of MAX_TRAMSMIT_WAIT
432 *  ACK_TIMEOUT * ((2 ** (MAX_RETRANSMIT + 1)) - 1) * ACK_RANDOM_FACTOR
433 */
434#define COAP_MAX_TRANSMIT_WAIT(s) \
435  (((s)->ack_timeout.integer_part * 1000 + (s)->ack_timeout.fractional_part) * \
436   ((1 << ((s)->max_retransmit + 1)) -1) * \
437   ((s)->ack_random_factor.integer_part * 1000 + \
438    (s)->ack_random_factor.fractional_part) \
439   / 1000000)
440
441#define COAP_MAX_TRANSMIT_WAIT_TICKS(s) \
442  (COAP_MAX_TRANSMIT_WAIT(s) * COAP_TICKS_PER_SECOND)
443
444/**
445 * The PROCESSING_DELAY definition for the session (s).
446 *
447 * RFC 7252, Section 4.8.2 Calculation of PROCESSING_DELAY
448 *  PROCESSING_DELAY set to ACK_TIMEOUT
449 */
450#define COAP_PROCESSING_DELAY(s) \
451  (((s)->ack_timeout.integer_part * 1000 + (s)->ack_timeout.fractional_part + \
452    500) / 1000)
453
454/**
455 * The MAX_RTT definition for the session (s).
456 *
457 * RFC 7252, Section 4.8.2 Calculation of MAX_RTT
458 *  (2 * MAX_LATENCY) + PROCESSING_DELAY
459 */
460#define COAP_MAX_RTT(s) \
461  ((2 * COAP_DEFAULT_MAX_LATENCY) + COAP_PROCESSING_DELAY(s))
462
463/**
464 * The EXCHANGE_LIFETIME definition for the session (s).
465 *
466 * RFC 7252, Section 4.8.2 Calculation of EXCHANGE_LIFETIME
467 *  MAX_TRANSMIT_SPAN + (2 * MAX_LATENCY) + PROCESSING_DELAY
468 */
469#define COAP_EXCHANGE_LIFETIME(s) \
470  (COAP_MAX_TRANSMIT_SPAN(s) + (2 * COAP_DEFAULT_MAX_LATENCY) + \
471   COAP_PROCESSING_DELAY(s))
472
473/**
474 * The NON_LIFETIME definition for the session (s).
475 *
476 * RFC 7252, Section 4.8.2 Calculation of NON_LIFETIME
477 *  MAX_TRANSMIT_SPAN + MAX_LATENCY
478 */
479#define COAP_NON_LIFETIME(s) \
480  (COAP_MAX_TRANSMIT_SPAN(s) + COAP_DEFAULT_MAX_LATENCY)
481
482/**
483 * The NON_RECEIVE_TIMEOUT definition for the session (s).
484 *
485 * RFC9177 Section 6.2
486 * 2 * NON_TIMEOUT
487 */
488#define COAP_NON_RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_TICKS(s) ( \
489                                            COAP_NON_RECEIVE_TIMEOUT(s).integer_part * COAP_TICKS_PER_SECOND + \
490                                            COAP_NON_RECEIVE_TIMEOUT(s).fractional_part * COAP_TICKS_PER_SECOND / 1000)
491
492/**
493 * The NON_PROBING_WAIT definition for the session (s).
494 *
495 * RFC9177 Section 6.2
496 *  NON_PROBING_WAIT = NON_TIMEOUT * ((2 ** NON_MAX_RETRANSMIT) - 1) *
497 *  ACK_RANDOM_FACTOR + (2 * MAX_LATENCY) + NON_TIMEOUT_RANDOM
498 * Default is 247-248 seconds
499 */
500#define COAP_NON_PROBING_WAIT(s) \
501  coap_add_fixed_fixed(COAP_NON_PROBING_WAIT_BASE(s), \
502                       COAP_NON_TIMEOUT_RANDOM(s))
503
504#define COAP_NON_PROBING_WAIT_TICKS(s) \
505  (COAP_NON_PROBING_WAIT(s).integer_part * COAP_TICKS_PER_SECOND + \
506   COAP_NON_PROBING_WAIT(s).fractional_part * COAP_TICKS_PER_SECOND / 1000)
507
508/**
509 * The NON_PARTIAL_TIMEOUT definition for the session (s).
510 *
511 * RFC9177 Section 6.2
512 * Initial value EXCHANGE_LIFETIME (247 seconds)
513 */
514#define COAP_NON_PARTIAL_TIMEOUT_TICKS(s) \
515  (COAP_NON_PARTIAL_TIMEOUT(s).integer_part * COAP_TICKS_PER_SECOND + \
516   COAP_NON_PARTIAL_TIMEOUT(s).fractional_part * COAP_TICKS_PER_SECOND / 1000)
517
518/**
519 * The NON_TIMEOUT_RANDOM definition for the session (s).
520 *
521 * RFC9177 Section 6.2
522 * Default is 2-3 seconds
523 */
524#define COAP_NON_TIMEOUT_RANDOM(s) \
525  coap_get_non_timeout_random(s)
526
527/** @} */
528
529#define SESSIONS_ADD(e, obj) \
530  HASH_ADD(hh, (e), addr_hash, sizeof((obj)->addr_hash), (obj))
531
532#define SESSIONS_DELETE(e, obj) \
533  HASH_DELETE(hh, (e), (obj))
534
535#define SESSIONS_ITER(e, el, rtmp)  \
536  HASH_ITER(hh, (e), el, rtmp)
537
538#define SESSIONS_ITER_SAFE(e, el, rtmp) \
539  for ((el) = (e); (el) && ((rtmp) = (el)->hh.next, 1); (el) = (rtmp))
540
541#define SESSIONS_FIND(e, k, res) {                     \
542    HASH_FIND(hh, (e), &(k), sizeof(k), (res)); \
543  }
544
545#endif /* COAP_SESSION_INTERNAL_H_ */
546