xref: /third_party/ffmpeg/libavcodec/cdtoons.c (revision cabdff1a)
1/*
2 * CDToons video decoder
3 * Copyright (C) 2020 Alyssa Milburn <amilburn@zall.org>
4 *
5 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
6 *
7 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
9 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
10 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
11 *
12 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
15 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
16 *
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
18 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
19 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
20 */
21
22/**
23 * @file
24 * CDToons video decoder
25 * @author Alyssa Milburn <amilburn@zall.org>
26 */
27
28#include <stdint.h>
29
30#include "libavutil/attributes.h"
31#include "libavutil/internal.h"
32#include "avcodec.h"
33#include "bytestream.h"
34#include "codec_internal.h"
35#include "internal.h"
36
37#define CDTOONS_HEADER_SIZE   44
38#define CDTOONS_MAX_SPRITES 1200
39
40typedef struct CDToonsSprite {
41    uint16_t flags;
42    uint16_t owner_frame;
43    uint16_t start_frame;
44    uint16_t end_frame;
45    unsigned int alloc_size;
46    uint32_t size;
47    uint8_t *data;
48    int      active;
49} CDToonsSprite;
50
51typedef struct CDToonsContext {
52    AVFrame *frame;
53
54    uint16_t last_pal_id;   ///< The index of the active palette sprite.
55    uint32_t pal[256];      ///< The currently-used palette data.
56    CDToonsSprite sprites[CDTOONS_MAX_SPRITES];
57} CDToonsContext;
58
59static int cdtoons_render_sprite(AVCodecContext *avctx, const uint8_t *data,
60                                 uint32_t data_size,
61                                 int dst_x, int dst_y, int width, int height)
62{
63    CDToonsContext *c = avctx->priv_data;
64    const uint8_t *next_line = data;
65    const uint8_t *end = data + data_size;
66    uint16_t line_size;
67    uint8_t *dest;
68    int skip = 0, to_skip, x;
69
70    if (dst_x + width > avctx->width)
71        width = avctx->width - dst_x;
72    if (dst_y + height > avctx->height)
73        height = avctx->height - dst_y;
74
75    if (dst_x < 0) {
76        /* we need to skip the start of the scanlines */
77        skip = -dst_x;
78        if (width <= skip)
79            return 0;
80        dst_x = 0;
81    }
82
83    for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
84        /* one scanline at a time, size is provided */
85        data      = next_line;
86        if (end - data < 2)
87            return 1;
88        line_size = bytestream_get_be16(&data);
89        if (end - data < line_size)
90            return 1;
91        next_line = data + line_size;
92        if (dst_y + y < 0)
93            continue;
94
95        dest = c->frame->data[0] + (dst_y + y) * c->frame->linesize[0] + dst_x;
96
97        to_skip = skip;
98        x       = 0;
99        while (x < width - skip) {
100            int raw, size, step;
101            uint8_t val;
102
103            if (data >= end)
104                return 1;
105
106            val  = bytestream_get_byte(&data);
107            raw  = !(val & 0x80);
108            size = (int)(val & 0x7F) + 1;
109
110            /* skip the start of a scanline if it is off-screen */
111            if (to_skip >= size) {
112                to_skip -= size;
113                if (raw) {
114                    step = size;
115                } else {
116                    step = 1;
117                }
118                if (next_line - data < step)
119                    return 1;
120                data += step;
121                continue;
122            } else if (to_skip) {
123                size -= to_skip;
124                if (raw) {
125                    if (next_line - data < to_skip)
126                        return 1;
127                    data += to_skip;
128                }
129                to_skip = 0;
130            }
131
132            if (x + size >= width - skip)
133                size = width - skip - x;
134
135            /* either raw data, or a run of a single color */
136            if (raw) {
137                if (next_line - data < size)
138                    return 1;
139                memcpy(dest + x, data, size);
140                data += size;
141            } else {
142                uint8_t color = bytestream_get_byte(&data);
143                /* ignore transparent runs */
144                if (color)
145                    memset(dest + x, color, size);
146            }
147            x += size;
148        }
149    }
150
151    return 0;
152}
153
154static int cdtoons_decode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVFrame *rframe,
155                                int *got_frame, AVPacket *avpkt)
156{
157    CDToonsContext *c = avctx->priv_data;
158    const uint8_t *buf = avpkt->data;
159    const uint8_t *eod = avpkt->data + avpkt->size;
160    const int buf_size = avpkt->size;
161    uint16_t frame_id;
162    uint8_t background_color;
163    uint16_t sprite_count, sprite_offset;
164    uint8_t referenced_count;
165    uint16_t palette_id;
166    uint8_t palette_set;
167    int ret;
168    int saw_embedded_sprites = 0;
169
170    if (buf_size < CDTOONS_HEADER_SIZE)
171        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
172
173    if ((ret = ff_reget_buffer(avctx, c->frame, 0)) < 0)
174        return ret;
175
176    /* a lot of the header is useless junk in the absence of
177     * dirty rectangling etc */
178    buf               += 2; /* version? (always 9?) */
179    frame_id           = bytestream_get_be16(&buf);
180    buf               += 2; /* blocks_valid_until */
181    buf               += 1;
182    background_color   = bytestream_get_byte(&buf);
183    buf               += 16; /* clip rect, dirty rect */
184    buf               += 4; /* flags */
185    sprite_count       = bytestream_get_be16(&buf);
186    sprite_offset      = bytestream_get_be16(&buf);
187    buf               += 2; /* max block id? */
188    referenced_count   = bytestream_get_byte(&buf);
189    buf               += 1;
190    palette_id         = bytestream_get_be16(&buf);
191    palette_set        = bytestream_get_byte(&buf);
192    buf               += 5;
193
194    if (sprite_offset > buf_size)
195        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
196
197    /* read new sprites introduced in this frame */
198    buf = avpkt->data + sprite_offset;
199    while (sprite_count--) {
200        uint32_t size;
201        uint16_t sprite_id;
202
203        if (buf + 14 > eod)
204            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
205
206        sprite_id = bytestream_get_be16(&buf);
207        if (sprite_id >= CDTOONS_MAX_SPRITES) {
208            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR,
209                   "Sprite ID %d is too high.\n", sprite_id);
210            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
211        }
212        if (c->sprites[sprite_id].active) {
213            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR,
214                   "Sprite ID %d is a duplicate.\n", sprite_id);
215            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
216        }
217
218        c->sprites[sprite_id].flags = bytestream_get_be16(&buf);
219        size                        = bytestream_get_be32(&buf);
220        if (size < 14) {
221            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR,
222                   "Sprite only has %d bytes of data.\n", size);
223            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
224        }
225        size -= 14;
226        c->sprites[sprite_id].size        = size;
227        c->sprites[sprite_id].owner_frame = frame_id;
228        c->sprites[sprite_id].start_frame = bytestream_get_be16(&buf);
229        c->sprites[sprite_id].end_frame   = bytestream_get_be16(&buf);
230        buf += 2;
231
232        if (size > buf_size || buf + size > eod)
233            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
234
235        av_fast_padded_malloc(&c->sprites[sprite_id].data, &c->sprites[sprite_id].alloc_size, size);
236        if (!c->sprites[sprite_id].data)
237            return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
238
239        c->sprites[sprite_id].active = 1;
240
241        bytestream_get_buffer(&buf, c->sprites[sprite_id].data, size);
242    }
243
244    /* render any embedded sprites */
245    while (buf < eod) {
246        uint32_t tag, size;
247        if (buf + 8 > eod) {
248            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Ran (seriously) out of data for embedded sprites.\n");
249            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
250        }
251        tag  = bytestream_get_be32(&buf);
252        size = bytestream_get_be32(&buf);
253        if (tag == MKBETAG('D', 'i', 'f', 'f')) {
254            uint16_t diff_count;
255            if (buf + 10 > eod) {
256                av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Ran (seriously) out of data for Diff frame.\n");
257                return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
258            }
259            diff_count = bytestream_get_be16(&buf);
260            buf       += 8; /* clip rect? */
261            for (int i = 0; i < diff_count; i++) {
262                int16_t top, left;
263                uint16_t diff_size, width, height;
264
265                if (buf + 16 > eod) {
266                    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Ran (seriously) out of data for Diff frame header.\n");
267                    return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
268                }
269
270                top        = bytestream_get_be16(&buf);
271                left       = bytestream_get_be16(&buf);
272                buf       += 4; /* bottom, right */
273                diff_size  = bytestream_get_be32(&buf);
274                width      = bytestream_get_be16(&buf);
275                height     = bytestream_get_be16(&buf);
276                if (diff_size < 8 || diff_size - 4 > eod - buf) {
277                    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Ran (seriously) out of data for Diff frame data.\n");
278                    return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
279                }
280                if (cdtoons_render_sprite(avctx, buf + 4, diff_size - 8,
281                                      left, top, width, height)) {
282                    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Ran beyond end of sprite while rendering.\n");
283                }
284                buf += diff_size - 4;
285            }
286            saw_embedded_sprites = 1;
287        } else {
288            /* we don't care about any other entries */
289            if (size < 8 || size - 8 > eod - buf) {
290                av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Ran out of data for ignored entry (size %X, %d left).\n", size, (int)(eod - buf));
291                return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
292            }
293            buf += (size - 8);
294        }
295    }
296
297    /* was an intra frame? */
298    if (saw_embedded_sprites)
299        goto done;
300
301    /* render any referenced sprites */
302    buf = avpkt->data + CDTOONS_HEADER_SIZE;
303    eod = avpkt->data + sprite_offset;
304    for (int i = 0; i < referenced_count; i++) {
305        const uint8_t *block_data;
306        uint16_t sprite_id, width, height;
307        int16_t top, left, right;
308
309        if (buf + 10 > eod) {
310            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Ran (seriously) out of data when rendering.\n");
311            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
312        }
313
314        sprite_id = bytestream_get_be16(&buf);
315        top       = bytestream_get_be16(&buf);
316        left      = bytestream_get_be16(&buf);
317        buf      += 2; /* bottom */
318        right     = bytestream_get_be16(&buf);
319
320        if ((i == 0) && (sprite_id == 0)) {
321            /* clear background */
322            memset(c->frame->data[0], background_color,
323                   c->frame->linesize[0] * avctx->height);
324        }
325
326        if (!right)
327            continue;
328        if (sprite_id >= CDTOONS_MAX_SPRITES) {
329            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR,
330                   "Sprite ID %d is too high.\n", sprite_id);
331            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
332        }
333
334        block_data = c->sprites[sprite_id].data;
335        if (!c->sprites[sprite_id].active) {
336            /* this can happen when seeking around */
337            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Sprite %d is missing.\n", sprite_id);
338            continue;
339        }
340        if (c->sprites[sprite_id].size < 14) {
341            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Sprite %d is too small.\n", sprite_id);
342            continue;
343        }
344
345        height      = bytestream_get_be16(&block_data);
346        width       = bytestream_get_be16(&block_data);
347        block_data += 10;
348        if (cdtoons_render_sprite(avctx, block_data,
349                              c->sprites[sprite_id].size - 14,
350                              left, top, width, height)) {
351            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Ran beyond end of sprite while rendering.\n");
352        }
353    }
354
355    if (palette_id && (palette_id != c->last_pal_id)) {
356        if (palette_id >= CDTOONS_MAX_SPRITES) {
357            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR,
358                   "Palette ID %d is too high.\n", palette_id);
359            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
360        }
361        if (!c->sprites[palette_id].active) {
362            /* this can happen when seeking around */
363            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING,
364                   "Palette ID %d is missing.\n", palette_id);
365            goto done;
366        }
367        if (c->sprites[palette_id].size != 256 * 2 * 3) {
368            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR,
369                   "Palette ID %d is wrong size (%d).\n",
370                   palette_id, c->sprites[palette_id].size);
371            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
372        }
373        c->last_pal_id = palette_id;
374        if (!palette_set) {
375            uint8_t *palette_data = c->sprites[palette_id].data;
376            for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
377                /* QuickTime-ish palette: 16-bit RGB components */
378                unsigned r, g, b;
379                r             = *palette_data;
380                g             = *(palette_data + 2);
381                b             = *(palette_data + 4);
382                c->pal[i]     = (0xFFU << 24) | (r << 16) | (g << 8) | b;
383                palette_data += 6;
384            }
385            /* first palette entry indicates transparency */
386            c->pal[0]                     = 0;
387            c->frame->palette_has_changed = 1;
388        }
389    }
390
391done:
392    /* discard outdated blocks */
393    for (int i = 0; i < CDTOONS_MAX_SPRITES; i++) {
394        if (c->sprites[i].end_frame > frame_id)
395            continue;
396        c->sprites[i].active = 0;
397    }
398
399    memcpy(c->frame->data[1], c->pal, AVPALETTE_SIZE);
400
401    if ((ret = av_frame_ref(rframe, c->frame)) < 0)
402        return ret;
403
404    *got_frame = 1;
405
406    /* always report that the buffer was completely consumed */
407    return buf_size;
408}
409
410static av_cold int cdtoons_decode_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
411{
412    CDToonsContext *c = avctx->priv_data;
413
414    avctx->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_PAL8;
415    c->last_pal_id = 0;
416    c->frame       = av_frame_alloc();
417    if (!c->frame)
418        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
419
420    return 0;
421}
422
423static void cdtoons_flush(AVCodecContext *avctx)
424{
425    CDToonsContext *c = avctx->priv_data;
426
427    c->last_pal_id = 0;
428    for (int i = 0; i < CDTOONS_MAX_SPRITES; i++)
429        c->sprites[i].active = 0;
430}
431
432static av_cold int cdtoons_decode_end(AVCodecContext *avctx)
433{
434    CDToonsContext *c = avctx->priv_data;
435
436    for (int i = 0; i < CDTOONS_MAX_SPRITES; i++) {
437        av_freep(&c->sprites[i].data);
438        c->sprites[i].active = 0;
439    }
440
441    av_frame_free(&c->frame);
442
443    return 0;
444}
445
446const FFCodec ff_cdtoons_decoder = {
447    .p.name         = "cdtoons",
448    .p.long_name    = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("CDToons video"),
449    .p.type         = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
450    .p.id           = AV_CODEC_ID_CDTOONS,
451    .priv_data_size = sizeof(CDToonsContext),
452    .init           = cdtoons_decode_init,
453    .close          = cdtoons_decode_end,
454    FF_CODEC_DECODE_CB(cdtoons_decode_frame),
455    .p.capabilities = AV_CODEC_CAP_DR1,
456    .flush          = cdtoons_flush,
457    .caps_internal  = FF_CODEC_CAP_INIT_THREADSAFE,
458};
459