xref: /third_party/elfutils/libdwfl/linux-core-attach.c

/* Get Dwarf Frame state for target core file.
   Copyright (C) 2013, 2014 Red Hat, Inc.
   This file is part of elfutils.

   This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of either

     * the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
       Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at
       your option) any later version

   or

     * the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
       Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at
       your option) any later version

   or both in parallel, as here.

   elfutils is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
   General Public License for more details.

   You should have received copies of the GNU General Public License and
   the GNU Lesser General Public License along with this program.  If
   not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
# include <config.h>
#endif

#include "libdwflP.h"
#include <fcntl.h>
#include "system.h"

#include "../libdw/memory-access.h"

struct core_arg
{
  Elf *core;
  Elf_Data *note_data;
  size_t thread_note_offset;
  Ebl *ebl;
};

struct thread_arg
{
  struct core_arg *core_arg;
  size_t note_offset;
};

static bool
core_memory_read (Dwfl *dwfl, Dwarf_Addr addr, Dwarf_Word *result,
		  void *dwfl_arg)
{
  Dwfl_Process *process = dwfl->process;
  struct core_arg *core_arg = dwfl_arg;
  Elf *core = core_arg->core;
  assert (core != NULL);
  static size_t phnum;
  if (elf_getphdrnum (core, &phnum) < 0)
    {
      __libdwfl_seterrno (DWFL_E_LIBELF);
      return false;
    }
  for (size_t cnt = 0; cnt < phnum; ++cnt)
    {
      GElf_Phdr phdr_mem, *phdr = gelf_getphdr (core, cnt, &phdr_mem);
      if (phdr == NULL || phdr->p_type != PT_LOAD)
	continue;
      /* Bias is zero here, a core file itself has no bias.  */
      GElf_Addr start = __libdwfl_segment_start (dwfl, phdr->p_vaddr);
      GElf_Addr end = __libdwfl_segment_end (dwfl,
					     phdr->p_vaddr + phdr->p_memsz);
      unsigned bytes = ebl_get_elfclass (process->ebl) == ELFCLASS64 ? 8 : 4;
      if (addr < start || addr + bytes > end)
	continue;
      Elf_Data *data;
      data = elf_getdata_rawchunk (core, phdr->p_offset + addr - start,
				   bytes, ELF_T_ADDR);
      if (data == NULL)
	{
	  __libdwfl_seterrno (DWFL_E_LIBELF);
	  return false;
	}
      assert (data->d_size == bytes);
      if (bytes == 8)
	*result = read_8ubyte_unaligned_noncvt (data->d_buf);
      else
	*result = read_4ubyte_unaligned_noncvt (data->d_buf);
      return true;
    }
  __libdwfl_seterrno (DWFL_E_ADDR_OUTOFRANGE);
  return false;
}

static pid_t
core_next_thread (Dwfl *dwfl __attribute__ ((unused)), void *dwfl_arg,
		  void **thread_argp)
{
  struct core_arg *core_arg = dwfl_arg;
  Elf *core = core_arg->core;
  GElf_Nhdr nhdr;
  size_t name_offset;
  size_t desc_offset;
  Elf_Data *note_data = core_arg->note_data;
  size_t offset;

  struct thread_arg *thread_arg;
  if (*thread_argp == NULL)
    {
      core_arg->thread_note_offset = 0;
      thread_arg = malloc (sizeof (*thread_arg));
      if (thread_arg == NULL)
	{
	  __libdwfl_seterrno (DWFL_E_NOMEM);
	  return -1;
	}
      thread_arg->core_arg = core_arg;
      *thread_argp = thread_arg;
    }
  else
    thread_arg = (struct thread_arg *) *thread_argp;

  while (offset = core_arg->thread_note_offset, offset < note_data->d_size
	 && (core_arg->thread_note_offset = gelf_getnote (note_data, offset,
							  &nhdr, &name_offset,
							  &desc_offset)) > 0)
    {
      /* Do not check NAME for now, help broken Linux kernels.  */
      const char *name = (nhdr.n_namesz == 0
			  ? "" : note_data->d_buf + name_offset);
      const char *desc = note_data->d_buf + desc_offset;
      GElf_Word regs_offset;
      size_t nregloc;
      const Ebl_Register_Location *reglocs;
      size_t nitems;
      const Ebl_Core_Item *items;
      if (! ebl_core_note (core_arg->ebl, &nhdr, name, desc,
			   &regs_offset, &nregloc, &reglocs, &nitems, &items))
	{
	  /* This note may be just not recognized, skip it.  */
	  continue;
	}
      if (nhdr.n_type != NT_PRSTATUS)
	continue;
      const Ebl_Core_Item *item;
      for (item = items; item < items + nitems; item++)
	if (strcmp (item->name, "pid") == 0)
	  break;
      if (item == items + nitems)
	continue;
      uint32_t val32 = read_4ubyte_unaligned_noncvt (desc + item->offset);
      val32 = (elf_getident (core, NULL)[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB
		? be32toh (val32) : le32toh (val32));
      pid_t tid = (int32_t) val32;
      eu_static_assert (sizeof val32 <= sizeof tid);
      thread_arg->note_offset = offset;
      return tid;
    }

  free (thread_arg);
  return 0;
}

static bool
core_set_initial_registers (Dwfl_Thread *thread, void *thread_arg_voidp)
{
  struct thread_arg *thread_arg = thread_arg_voidp;
  struct core_arg *core_arg = thread_arg->core_arg;
  Elf *core = core_arg->core;
  size_t offset = thread_arg->note_offset;
  GElf_Nhdr nhdr;
  size_t name_offset;
  size_t desc_offset;
  Elf_Data *note_data = core_arg->note_data;
  size_t nregs = ebl_frame_nregs (core_arg->ebl);
  assert (nregs > 0);
  assert (offset < note_data->d_size);
  size_t getnote_err = gelf_getnote (note_data, offset, &nhdr, &name_offset,
				     &desc_offset);
  /* __libdwfl_attach_state_for_core already verified the note is there.  */
  if (getnote_err == 0)
    return false;
  /* Do not check NAME for now, help broken Linux kernels.  */
  const char *name = (nhdr.n_namesz == 0
		      ? "" : note_data->d_buf + name_offset);
  const char *desc = note_data->d_buf + desc_offset;
  GElf_Word regs_offset;
  size_t nregloc;
  const Ebl_Register_Location *reglocs;
  size_t nitems;
  const Ebl_Core_Item *items;
  int core_note_err = ebl_core_note (core_arg->ebl, &nhdr, name, desc,
				     &regs_offset, &nregloc, &reglocs,
				     &nitems, &items);
  /* __libdwfl_attach_state_for_core already verified the note is there.  */
  if (core_note_err == 0 || nhdr.n_type != NT_PRSTATUS)
    return false;
  const Ebl_Core_Item *item;
  for (item = items; item < items + nitems; item++)
    if (strcmp (item->name, "pid") == 0)
      break;
  assert (item < items + nitems);
  pid_t tid;
  {
    uint32_t val32 = read_4ubyte_unaligned_noncvt (desc + item->offset);
    val32 = (elf_getident (core, NULL)[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB
	     ? be32toh (val32) : le32toh (val32));
    tid = (int32_t) val32;
    eu_static_assert (sizeof val32 <= sizeof tid);
  }
  /* core_next_thread already found this TID there.  */
  assert (tid == INTUSE(dwfl_thread_tid) (thread));
  for (item = items; item < items + nitems; item++)
    if (item->pc_register)
      break;
  if (item < items + nitems)
    {
      Dwarf_Word pc;
      switch (gelf_getclass (core) == ELFCLASS32 ? 32 : 64)
      {
	case 32:;
	  uint32_t val32 = read_4ubyte_unaligned_noncvt (desc + item->offset);
	  val32 = (elf_getident (core, NULL)[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB
		   ? be32toh (val32) : le32toh (val32));
	  /* Do a host width conversion.  */
	  pc = val32;
	  break;
	case 64:;
	  uint64_t val64 = read_8ubyte_unaligned_noncvt (desc + item->offset);
	  val64 = (elf_getident (core, NULL)[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB
		   ? be64toh (val64) : le64toh (val64));
	  pc = val64;
	  break;
	default:
	  abort ();
      }
      INTUSE(dwfl_thread_state_register_pc) (thread, pc);
    }
  desc += regs_offset;
  for (size_t regloci = 0; regloci < nregloc; regloci++)
    {
      const Ebl_Register_Location *regloc = reglocs + regloci;
      // Iterate even regs out of NREGS range so that we can find pc_register.
      if (regloc->bits != 32 && regloc->bits != 64)
	continue;
      const char *reg_desc = desc + regloc->offset;
      for (unsigned regno = regloc->regno;
	   regno < regloc->regno + (regloc->count ?: 1U);
	   regno++)
	{
	  /* PPC provides DWARF register 65 irrelevant for
	     CFI which clashes with register 108 (LR) we need.
	     LR (108) is provided earlier (in NT_PRSTATUS) than the # 65.
	     FIXME: It depends now on their order in core notes.
	     FIXME: It uses private function.  */
	  if (regno < nregs
	      && __libdwfl_frame_reg_get (thread->unwound, regno, NULL) == 0)
	    continue;
	  Dwarf_Word val;
	  switch (regloc->bits)
	  {
	    case 32:;
	      uint32_t val32 = read_4ubyte_unaligned_noncvt (reg_desc);
	      reg_desc += sizeof val32;
	      val32 = (elf_getident (core, NULL)[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB
		       ? be32toh (val32) : le32toh (val32));
	      /* Do a host width conversion.  */
	      val = val32;
	      break;
	    case 64:;
	      uint64_t val64 = read_8ubyte_unaligned_noncvt (reg_desc);
	      reg_desc += sizeof val64;
	      val64 = (elf_getident (core, NULL)[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB
		       ? be64toh (val64) : le64toh (val64));
	      assert (sizeof (*thread->unwound->regs) == sizeof val64);
	      val = val64;
	      break;
	    default:
	      abort ();
	  }
	  /* Registers not valid for CFI are just ignored.  */
	  if (regno < nregs)
	    INTUSE(dwfl_thread_state_registers) (thread, regno, 1, &val);
	  if (regloc->pc_register)
	    INTUSE(dwfl_thread_state_register_pc) (thread, val);
	  reg_desc += regloc->pad;
	}
    }
  return true;
}

static void
core_detach (Dwfl *dwfl __attribute__ ((unused)), void *dwfl_arg)
{
  struct core_arg *core_arg = dwfl_arg;
  ebl_closebackend (core_arg->ebl);
  free (core_arg);
}

static const Dwfl_Thread_Callbacks core_thread_callbacks =
{
  core_next_thread,
  NULL, /* get_thread */
  core_memory_read,
  core_set_initial_registers,
  core_detach,
  NULL, /* core_thread_detach */
};

int
dwfl_core_file_attach (Dwfl *dwfl, Elf *core)
{
  Dwfl_Error err = DWFL_E_NOERROR;
  Ebl *ebl = ebl_openbackend (core);
  if (ebl == NULL)
    {
      err = DWFL_E_LIBEBL;
    fail_err:
      if (dwfl->process == NULL && dwfl->attacherr == DWFL_E_NOERROR)
	dwfl->attacherr = __libdwfl_canon_error (err);
      __libdwfl_seterrno (err);
      return -1;
    }
  size_t nregs = ebl_frame_nregs (ebl);
  if (nregs == 0)
    {
      err = DWFL_E_NO_UNWIND;
    fail:
      ebl_closebackend (ebl);
      goto fail_err;
    }
  GElf_Ehdr ehdr_mem, *ehdr = gelf_getehdr (core, &ehdr_mem);
  if (ehdr == NULL)
    {
      err = DWFL_E_LIBELF;
      goto fail;
    }
  if (ehdr->e_type != ET_CORE)
    {
      err = DWFL_E_NO_CORE_FILE;
      goto fail;
    }
  size_t phnum;
  if (elf_getphdrnum (core, &phnum) < 0)
    {
      err = DWFL_E_LIBELF;
      goto fail;
    }
  pid_t pid = -1;
  Elf_Data *note_data = NULL;
  for (size_t cnt = 0; cnt < phnum; ++cnt)
    {
      GElf_Phdr phdr_mem, *phdr = gelf_getphdr (core, cnt, &phdr_mem);
      if (phdr != NULL && phdr->p_type == PT_NOTE)
	{
	  note_data = elf_getdata_rawchunk (core, phdr->p_offset,
					    phdr->p_filesz, (phdr->p_align == 8
							     ? ELF_T_NHDR8
							     : ELF_T_NHDR));
	  break;
	}
    }
  if (note_data == NULL)
    {
      err = DWFL_E_LIBELF;
      goto fail;
    }
  size_t offset = 0;
  GElf_Nhdr nhdr;
  size_t name_offset;
  size_t desc_offset;
  while (offset < note_data->d_size
	 && (offset = gelf_getnote (note_data, offset,
				    &nhdr, &name_offset, &desc_offset)) > 0)
    {
      /* Do not check NAME for now, help broken Linux kernels.  */
      const char *name = (nhdr.n_namesz == 0
			  ? "" : note_data->d_buf + name_offset);
      const char *desc = note_data->d_buf + desc_offset;
      GElf_Word regs_offset;
      size_t nregloc;
      const Ebl_Register_Location *reglocs;
      size_t nitems;
      const Ebl_Core_Item *items;
      if (! ebl_core_note (ebl, &nhdr, name, desc,
			   &regs_offset, &nregloc, &reglocs, &nitems, &items))
	{
	  /* This note may be just not recognized, skip it.  */
	  continue;
	}
      if (nhdr.n_type != NT_PRPSINFO)
	continue;
      const Ebl_Core_Item *item;
      for (item = items; item < items + nitems; item++)
	if (strcmp (item->name, "pid") == 0)
	  break;
      if (item == items + nitems)
	continue;
      uint32_t val32 = read_4ubyte_unaligned_noncvt (desc + item->offset);
      val32 = (elf_getident (core, NULL)[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB
		? be32toh (val32) : le32toh (val32));
      pid = (int32_t) val32;
      eu_static_assert (sizeof val32 <= sizeof pid);
      break;
    }
  if (pid == -1)
    {
      /* No valid NT_PRPSINFO recognized in this CORE.  */
      err = DWFL_E_BADELF;
      goto fail;
    }
  struct core_arg *core_arg = malloc (sizeof *core_arg);
  if (core_arg == NULL)
    {
      err = DWFL_E_NOMEM;
      goto fail;
    }
  core_arg->core = core;
  core_arg->note_data = note_data;
  core_arg->thread_note_offset = 0;
  core_arg->ebl = ebl;
  if (! INTUSE(dwfl_attach_state) (dwfl, core, pid, &core_thread_callbacks,
				   core_arg))
    {
      free (core_arg);
      ebl_closebackend (ebl);
      return -1;
    }
  return pid;
}
INTDEF (dwfl_core_file_attach)