162306a36Sopenharmony_ci.. include:: ../disclaimer-zh_CN.rst 262306a36Sopenharmony_ci 362306a36Sopenharmony_ci:Original: :ref:`Documentation/process/programming-language.rst <programming_language>` 462306a36Sopenharmony_ci:Translator: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com> 562306a36Sopenharmony_ci 662306a36Sopenharmony_ci.. _cn_programming_language: 762306a36Sopenharmony_ci 862306a36Sopenharmony_ci程序设计语言 962306a36Sopenharmony_ci============ 1062306a36Sopenharmony_ci 1162306a36Sopenharmony_ci内核是用C语言 :ref:`c-language <cn_c-language>` 编写的。更准确地说,内核通常是用 :ref:`gcc <cn_gcc>` 1262306a36Sopenharmony_ci在 ``-std=gnu11`` :ref:`gcc-c-dialect-options <cn_gcc-c-dialect-options>` 下编译的:ISO C11的 GNU 方言 1362306a36Sopenharmony_ci 1462306a36Sopenharmony_ci这种方言包含对语言 :ref:`gnu-extensions <cn_gnu-extensions>` 的许多扩展,当然,它们许多都在内核中使用。 1562306a36Sopenharmony_ci 1662306a36Sopenharmony_ci对于一些体系结构,有一些使用 :ref:`clang <cn_clang>` 和 :ref:`icc <cn_icc>` 编译内核 1762306a36Sopenharmony_ci的支持,尽管在编写此文档时还没有完成,仍需要第三方补丁。 1862306a36Sopenharmony_ci 1962306a36Sopenharmony_ci属性 2062306a36Sopenharmony_ci---- 2162306a36Sopenharmony_ci 2262306a36Sopenharmony_ci在整个内核中使用的一个常见扩展是属性(attributes) :ref:`gcc-attribute-syntax <cn_gcc-attribute-syntax>` 2362306a36Sopenharmony_ci属性允许将实现定义的语义引入语言实体(如变量、函数或类型),而无需对语言进行 2462306a36Sopenharmony_ci重大的语法更改(例如添加新关键字) :ref:`n2049 <cn_n2049>` 2562306a36Sopenharmony_ci 2662306a36Sopenharmony_ci在某些情况下,属性是可选的(即不支持这些属性的编译器仍然应该生成正确的代码, 2762306a36Sopenharmony_ci即使其速度较慢或执行的编译时检查/诊断次数不够) 2862306a36Sopenharmony_ci 2962306a36Sopenharmony_ci内核定义了伪关键字(例如, ``pure`` ),而不是直接使用GNU属性语法(例如, 3062306a36Sopenharmony_ci``__attribute__((__pure__))`` ),以检测可以使用哪些关键字和/或缩短代码, 具体 3162306a36Sopenharmony_ci请参阅 ``include/linux/compiler_attributes.h`` 3262306a36Sopenharmony_ci 3362306a36Sopenharmony_ci.. _cn_c-language: 3462306a36Sopenharmony_ci 3562306a36Sopenharmony_cic-language 3662306a36Sopenharmony_ci http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/standards 3762306a36Sopenharmony_ci 3862306a36Sopenharmony_ci.. _cn_gcc: 3962306a36Sopenharmony_ci 4062306a36Sopenharmony_cigcc 4162306a36Sopenharmony_ci https://gcc.gnu.org 4262306a36Sopenharmony_ci 4362306a36Sopenharmony_ci.. _cn_clang: 4462306a36Sopenharmony_ci 4562306a36Sopenharmony_ciclang 4662306a36Sopenharmony_ci https://clang.llvm.org 4762306a36Sopenharmony_ci 4862306a36Sopenharmony_ci.. _cn_icc: 4962306a36Sopenharmony_ci 5062306a36Sopenharmony_ciicc 5162306a36Sopenharmony_ci https://software.intel.com/en-us/c-compilers 5262306a36Sopenharmony_ci 5362306a36Sopenharmony_ci.. _cn_gcc-c-dialect-options: 5462306a36Sopenharmony_ci 5562306a36Sopenharmony_cic-dialect-options 5662306a36Sopenharmony_ci https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/C-Dialect-Options.html 5762306a36Sopenharmony_ci 5862306a36Sopenharmony_ci.. _cn_gnu-extensions: 5962306a36Sopenharmony_ci 6062306a36Sopenharmony_cignu-extensions 6162306a36Sopenharmony_ci https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/C-Extensions.html 6262306a36Sopenharmony_ci 6362306a36Sopenharmony_ci.. _cn_gcc-attribute-syntax: 6462306a36Sopenharmony_ci 6562306a36Sopenharmony_cigcc-attribute-syntax 6662306a36Sopenharmony_ci https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Attribute-Syntax.html 6762306a36Sopenharmony_ci 6862306a36Sopenharmony_ci.. _cn_n2049: 6962306a36Sopenharmony_ci 7062306a36Sopenharmony_cin2049 7162306a36Sopenharmony_ci http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n2049.pdf 72