xref: /kernel/linux/linux-5.10/lib/ubsan.c (revision 8c2ecf20)
1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2/*
3 * UBSAN error reporting functions
4 *
5 * Copyright (c) 2014 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
6 * Author: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
7 */
8
9#include <linux/bitops.h>
10#include <linux/bug.h>
11#include <linux/ctype.h>
12#include <linux/init.h>
13#include <linux/kernel.h>
14#include <linux/types.h>
15#include <linux/sched.h>
16#include <linux/uaccess.h>
17
18#include "ubsan.h"
19
20const char *type_check_kinds[] = {
21	"load of",
22	"store to",
23	"reference binding to",
24	"member access within",
25	"member call on",
26	"constructor call on",
27	"downcast of",
28	"downcast of"
29};
30
31#define REPORTED_BIT 31
32
33#if (BITS_PER_LONG == 64) && defined(__BIG_ENDIAN)
34#define COLUMN_MASK (~(1U << REPORTED_BIT))
35#define LINE_MASK   (~0U)
36#else
37#define COLUMN_MASK   (~0U)
38#define LINE_MASK (~(1U << REPORTED_BIT))
39#endif
40
41#define VALUE_LENGTH 40
42
43static bool was_reported(struct source_location *location)
44{
45	return test_and_set_bit(REPORTED_BIT, &location->reported);
46}
47
48static bool suppress_report(struct source_location *loc)
49{
50	return current->in_ubsan || was_reported(loc);
51}
52
53static bool type_is_int(struct type_descriptor *type)
54{
55	return type->type_kind == type_kind_int;
56}
57
58static bool type_is_signed(struct type_descriptor *type)
59{
60	WARN_ON(!type_is_int(type));
61	return  type->type_info & 1;
62}
63
64static unsigned type_bit_width(struct type_descriptor *type)
65{
66	return 1 << (type->type_info >> 1);
67}
68
69static bool is_inline_int(struct type_descriptor *type)
70{
71	unsigned inline_bits = sizeof(unsigned long)*8;
72	unsigned bits = type_bit_width(type);
73
74	WARN_ON(!type_is_int(type));
75
76	return bits <= inline_bits;
77}
78
79static s_max get_signed_val(struct type_descriptor *type, void *val)
80{
81	if (is_inline_int(type)) {
82		unsigned extra_bits = sizeof(s_max)*8 - type_bit_width(type);
83		unsigned long ulong_val = (unsigned long)val;
84
85		return ((s_max)ulong_val) << extra_bits >> extra_bits;
86	}
87
88	if (type_bit_width(type) == 64)
89		return *(s64 *)val;
90
91	return *(s_max *)val;
92}
93
94static bool val_is_negative(struct type_descriptor *type, void *val)
95{
96	return type_is_signed(type) && get_signed_val(type, val) < 0;
97}
98
99static u_max get_unsigned_val(struct type_descriptor *type, void *val)
100{
101	if (is_inline_int(type))
102		return (unsigned long)val;
103
104	if (type_bit_width(type) == 64)
105		return *(u64 *)val;
106
107	return *(u_max *)val;
108}
109
110static void val_to_string(char *str, size_t size, struct type_descriptor *type,
111			void *value)
112{
113	if (type_is_int(type)) {
114		if (type_bit_width(type) == 128) {
115#if defined(CONFIG_ARCH_SUPPORTS_INT128)
116			u_max val = get_unsigned_val(type, value);
117
118			scnprintf(str, size, "0x%08x%08x%08x%08x",
119				(u32)(val >> 96),
120				(u32)(val >> 64),
121				(u32)(val >> 32),
122				(u32)(val));
123#else
124			WARN_ON(1);
125#endif
126		} else if (type_is_signed(type)) {
127			scnprintf(str, size, "%lld",
128				(s64)get_signed_val(type, value));
129		} else {
130			scnprintf(str, size, "%llu",
131				(u64)get_unsigned_val(type, value));
132		}
133	}
134}
135
136static void ubsan_prologue(struct source_location *loc, const char *reason)
137{
138	current->in_ubsan++;
139
140	pr_err("========================================"
141		"========================================\n");
142	pr_err("UBSAN: %s in %s:%d:%d\n", reason, loc->file_name,
143		loc->line & LINE_MASK, loc->column & COLUMN_MASK);
144}
145
146static void ubsan_epilogue(void)
147{
148	dump_stack();
149	pr_err("========================================"
150		"========================================\n");
151
152	current->in_ubsan--;
153
154	check_panic_on_warn("UBSAN");
155}
156
157static void handle_overflow(struct overflow_data *data, void *lhs,
158			void *rhs, char op)
159{
160
161	struct type_descriptor *type = data->type;
162	char lhs_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
163	char rhs_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
164
165	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
166		return;
167
168	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, type_is_signed(type) ?
169			"signed-integer-overflow" :
170			"unsigned-integer-overflow");
171
172	val_to_string(lhs_val_str, sizeof(lhs_val_str), type, lhs);
173	val_to_string(rhs_val_str, sizeof(rhs_val_str), type, rhs);
174	pr_err("%s %c %s cannot be represented in type %s\n",
175		lhs_val_str,
176		op,
177		rhs_val_str,
178		type->type_name);
179
180	ubsan_epilogue();
181}
182
183void __ubsan_handle_add_overflow(void *data,
184				void *lhs, void *rhs)
185{
186
187	handle_overflow(data, lhs, rhs, '+');
188}
189EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_add_overflow);
190
191void __ubsan_handle_sub_overflow(void *data,
192				void *lhs, void *rhs)
193{
194	handle_overflow(data, lhs, rhs, '-');
195}
196EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_sub_overflow);
197
198void __ubsan_handle_mul_overflow(void *data,
199				void *lhs, void *rhs)
200{
201	handle_overflow(data, lhs, rhs, '*');
202}
203EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_mul_overflow);
204
205void __ubsan_handle_negate_overflow(void *_data, void *old_val)
206{
207	struct overflow_data *data = _data;
208	char old_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
209
210	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
211		return;
212
213	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "negation-overflow");
214
215	val_to_string(old_val_str, sizeof(old_val_str), data->type, old_val);
216
217	pr_err("negation of %s cannot be represented in type %s:\n",
218		old_val_str, data->type->type_name);
219
220	ubsan_epilogue();
221}
222EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_negate_overflow);
223
224
225void __ubsan_handle_divrem_overflow(void *_data, void *lhs, void *rhs)
226{
227	struct overflow_data *data = _data;
228	char rhs_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
229
230	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
231		return;
232
233	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "division-overflow");
234
235	val_to_string(rhs_val_str, sizeof(rhs_val_str), data->type, rhs);
236
237	if (type_is_signed(data->type) && get_signed_val(data->type, rhs) == -1)
238		pr_err("division of %s by -1 cannot be represented in type %s\n",
239			rhs_val_str, data->type->type_name);
240	else
241		pr_err("division by zero\n");
242
243	ubsan_epilogue();
244}
245EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_divrem_overflow);
246
247static void handle_null_ptr_deref(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data)
248{
249	if (suppress_report(data->location))
250		return;
251
252	ubsan_prologue(data->location, "null-ptr-deref");
253
254	pr_err("%s null pointer of type %s\n",
255		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
256		data->type->type_name);
257
258	ubsan_epilogue();
259}
260
261static void handle_misaligned_access(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
262				unsigned long ptr)
263{
264	if (suppress_report(data->location))
265		return;
266
267	ubsan_prologue(data->location, "misaligned-access");
268
269	pr_err("%s misaligned address %p for type %s\n",
270		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
271		(void *)ptr, data->type->type_name);
272	pr_err("which requires %ld byte alignment\n", data->alignment);
273
274	ubsan_epilogue();
275}
276
277static void handle_object_size_mismatch(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
278					unsigned long ptr)
279{
280	if (suppress_report(data->location))
281		return;
282
283	ubsan_prologue(data->location, "object-size-mismatch");
284	pr_err("%s address %p with insufficient space\n",
285		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
286		(void *) ptr);
287	pr_err("for an object of type %s\n", data->type->type_name);
288	ubsan_epilogue();
289}
290
291static void ubsan_type_mismatch_common(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
292				unsigned long ptr)
293{
294	unsigned long flags = user_access_save();
295
296	if (!ptr)
297		handle_null_ptr_deref(data);
298	else if (data->alignment && !IS_ALIGNED(ptr, data->alignment))
299		handle_misaligned_access(data, ptr);
300	else
301		handle_object_size_mismatch(data, ptr);
302
303	user_access_restore(flags);
304}
305
306void __ubsan_handle_type_mismatch(struct type_mismatch_data *data,
307				void *ptr)
308{
309	struct type_mismatch_data_common common_data = {
310		.location = &data->location,
311		.type = data->type,
312		.alignment = data->alignment,
313		.type_check_kind = data->type_check_kind
314	};
315
316	ubsan_type_mismatch_common(&common_data, (unsigned long)ptr);
317}
318EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_type_mismatch);
319
320void __ubsan_handle_type_mismatch_v1(void *_data, void *ptr)
321{
322	struct type_mismatch_data_v1 *data = _data;
323	struct type_mismatch_data_common common_data = {
324		.location = &data->location,
325		.type = data->type,
326		.alignment = 1UL << data->log_alignment,
327		.type_check_kind = data->type_check_kind
328	};
329
330	ubsan_type_mismatch_common(&common_data, (unsigned long)ptr);
331}
332EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_type_mismatch_v1);
333
334void __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds(void *_data, void *index)
335{
336	struct out_of_bounds_data *data = _data;
337	char index_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
338
339	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
340		return;
341
342	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "array-index-out-of-bounds");
343
344	val_to_string(index_str, sizeof(index_str), data->index_type, index);
345	pr_err("index %s is out of range for type %s\n", index_str,
346		data->array_type->type_name);
347	ubsan_epilogue();
348}
349EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds);
350
351void __ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds(void *_data, void *lhs, void *rhs)
352{
353	struct shift_out_of_bounds_data *data = _data;
354	struct type_descriptor *rhs_type = data->rhs_type;
355	struct type_descriptor *lhs_type = data->lhs_type;
356	char rhs_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
357	char lhs_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
358	unsigned long ua_flags = user_access_save();
359
360	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
361		goto out;
362
363	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "shift-out-of-bounds");
364
365	val_to_string(rhs_str, sizeof(rhs_str), rhs_type, rhs);
366	val_to_string(lhs_str, sizeof(lhs_str), lhs_type, lhs);
367
368	if (val_is_negative(rhs_type, rhs))
369		pr_err("shift exponent %s is negative\n", rhs_str);
370
371	else if (get_unsigned_val(rhs_type, rhs) >=
372		type_bit_width(lhs_type))
373		pr_err("shift exponent %s is too large for %u-bit type %s\n",
374			rhs_str,
375			type_bit_width(lhs_type),
376			lhs_type->type_name);
377	else if (val_is_negative(lhs_type, lhs))
378		pr_err("left shift of negative value %s\n",
379			lhs_str);
380	else
381		pr_err("left shift of %s by %s places cannot be"
382			" represented in type %s\n",
383			lhs_str, rhs_str,
384			lhs_type->type_name);
385
386	ubsan_epilogue();
387out:
388	user_access_restore(ua_flags);
389}
390EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds);
391
392
393void __ubsan_handle_builtin_unreachable(void *_data)
394{
395	struct unreachable_data *data = _data;
396	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "unreachable");
397	pr_err("calling __builtin_unreachable()\n");
398	ubsan_epilogue();
399	panic("can't return from __builtin_unreachable()");
400}
401EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_builtin_unreachable);
402
403void __ubsan_handle_load_invalid_value(void *_data, void *val)
404{
405	struct invalid_value_data *data = _data;
406	char val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
407
408	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
409		return;
410
411	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "invalid-load");
412
413	val_to_string(val_str, sizeof(val_str), data->type, val);
414
415	pr_err("load of value %s is not a valid value for type %s\n",
416		val_str, data->type->type_name);
417
418	ubsan_epilogue();
419}
420EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_load_invalid_value);
421
422void __ubsan_handle_alignment_assumption(void *_data, unsigned long ptr,
423					 unsigned long align,
424					 unsigned long offset);
425void __ubsan_handle_alignment_assumption(void *_data, unsigned long ptr,
426					 unsigned long align,
427					 unsigned long offset)
428{
429	struct alignment_assumption_data *data = _data;
430	unsigned long real_ptr;
431
432	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
433		return;
434
435	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "alignment-assumption");
436
437	if (offset)
438		pr_err("assumption of %lu byte alignment (with offset of %lu byte) for pointer of type %s failed",
439		       align, offset, data->type->type_name);
440	else
441		pr_err("assumption of %lu byte alignment for pointer of type %s failed",
442		       align, data->type->type_name);
443
444	real_ptr = ptr - offset;
445	pr_err("%saddress is %lu aligned, misalignment offset is %lu bytes",
446	       offset ? "offset " : "", BIT(real_ptr ? __ffs(real_ptr) : 0),
447	       real_ptr & (align - 1));
448
449	ubsan_epilogue();
450}
451EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_alignment_assumption);
452