xref: /kernel/linux/linux-5.10/fs/overlayfs/super.c (revision 8c2ecf20)
1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2/*
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 2011 Novell Inc.
5 */
6
7#include <uapi/linux/magic.h>
8#include <linux/fs.h>
9#include <linux/namei.h>
10#include <linux/xattr.h>
11#include <linux/mount.h>
12#include <linux/parser.h>
13#include <linux/module.h>
14#include <linux/statfs.h>
15#include <linux/seq_file.h>
16#include <linux/posix_acl_xattr.h>
17#include <linux/exportfs.h>
18#include "overlayfs.h"
19
20MODULE_AUTHOR("Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu>");
21MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Overlay filesystem");
22MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
23
24
25struct ovl_dir_cache;
26
27#define OVL_MAX_STACK 500
28
29static bool ovl_redirect_dir_def = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OVERLAY_FS_REDIRECT_DIR);
30module_param_named(redirect_dir, ovl_redirect_dir_def, bool, 0644);
31MODULE_PARM_DESC(redirect_dir,
32		 "Default to on or off for the redirect_dir feature");
33
34static bool ovl_redirect_always_follow =
35	IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OVERLAY_FS_REDIRECT_ALWAYS_FOLLOW);
36module_param_named(redirect_always_follow, ovl_redirect_always_follow,
37		   bool, 0644);
38MODULE_PARM_DESC(redirect_always_follow,
39		 "Follow redirects even if redirect_dir feature is turned off");
40
41static bool ovl_index_def = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OVERLAY_FS_INDEX);
42module_param_named(index, ovl_index_def, bool, 0644);
43MODULE_PARM_DESC(index,
44		 "Default to on or off for the inodes index feature");
45
46static bool ovl_nfs_export_def = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OVERLAY_FS_NFS_EXPORT);
47module_param_named(nfs_export, ovl_nfs_export_def, bool, 0644);
48MODULE_PARM_DESC(nfs_export,
49		 "Default to on or off for the NFS export feature");
50
51static bool ovl_xino_auto_def = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OVERLAY_FS_XINO_AUTO);
52module_param_named(xino_auto, ovl_xino_auto_def, bool, 0644);
53MODULE_PARM_DESC(xino_auto,
54		 "Auto enable xino feature");
55
56static void ovl_entry_stack_free(struct ovl_entry *oe)
57{
58	unsigned int i;
59
60	for (i = 0; i < oe->numlower; i++)
61		dput(oe->lowerstack[i].dentry);
62}
63
64static bool ovl_metacopy_def = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OVERLAY_FS_METACOPY);
65module_param_named(metacopy, ovl_metacopy_def, bool, 0644);
66MODULE_PARM_DESC(metacopy,
67		 "Default to on or off for the metadata only copy up feature");
68
69static void ovl_dentry_release(struct dentry *dentry)
70{
71	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
72
73	if (oe) {
74		ovl_entry_stack_free(oe);
75		kfree_rcu(oe, rcu);
76	}
77}
78
79static struct dentry *ovl_d_real(struct dentry *dentry,
80				 const struct inode *inode)
81{
82	struct dentry *real = NULL, *lower;
83
84	/* It's an overlay file */
85	if (inode && d_inode(dentry) == inode)
86		return dentry;
87
88	if (!d_is_reg(dentry)) {
89		if (!inode || inode == d_inode(dentry))
90			return dentry;
91		goto bug;
92	}
93
94	real = ovl_dentry_upper(dentry);
95	if (real && (inode == d_inode(real)))
96		return real;
97
98	if (real && !inode && ovl_has_upperdata(d_inode(dentry)))
99		return real;
100
101	lower = ovl_dentry_lowerdata(dentry);
102	if (!lower)
103		goto bug;
104	real = lower;
105
106	/* Handle recursion */
107	real = d_real(real, inode);
108
109	if (!inode || inode == d_inode(real))
110		return real;
111bug:
112	WARN(1, "%s(%pd4, %s:%lu): real dentry (%p/%lu) not found\n",
113	     __func__, dentry, inode ? inode->i_sb->s_id : "NULL",
114	     inode ? inode->i_ino : 0, real,
115	     real && d_inode(real) ? d_inode(real)->i_ino : 0);
116	return dentry;
117}
118
119static int ovl_revalidate_real(struct dentry *d, unsigned int flags, bool weak)
120{
121	int ret = 1;
122
123	if (weak) {
124		if (d->d_flags & DCACHE_OP_WEAK_REVALIDATE)
125			ret =  d->d_op->d_weak_revalidate(d, flags);
126	} else if (d->d_flags & DCACHE_OP_REVALIDATE) {
127		ret = d->d_op->d_revalidate(d, flags);
128		if (!ret) {
129			if (!(flags & LOOKUP_RCU))
130				d_invalidate(d);
131			ret = -ESTALE;
132		}
133	}
134	return ret;
135}
136
137static int ovl_dentry_revalidate_common(struct dentry *dentry,
138					unsigned int flags, bool weak)
139{
140	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
141	struct inode *inode = d_inode_rcu(dentry);
142	struct dentry *upper;
143	unsigned int i;
144	int ret = 1;
145
146	/* Careful in RCU mode */
147	if (!inode)
148		return -ECHILD;
149
150	upper = ovl_i_dentry_upper(inode);
151	if (upper)
152		ret = ovl_revalidate_real(upper, flags, weak);
153
154	for (i = 0; ret > 0 && i < oe->numlower; i++) {
155		ret = ovl_revalidate_real(oe->lowerstack[i].dentry, flags,
156					  weak);
157	}
158	return ret;
159}
160
161static int ovl_dentry_revalidate(struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
162{
163	return ovl_dentry_revalidate_common(dentry, flags, false);
164}
165
166static int ovl_dentry_weak_revalidate(struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
167{
168	return ovl_dentry_revalidate_common(dentry, flags, true);
169}
170
171static const struct dentry_operations ovl_dentry_operations = {
172	.d_release = ovl_dentry_release,
173	.d_real = ovl_d_real,
174	.d_revalidate = ovl_dentry_revalidate,
175	.d_weak_revalidate = ovl_dentry_weak_revalidate,
176};
177
178static struct kmem_cache *ovl_inode_cachep;
179
180static struct inode *ovl_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
181{
182	struct ovl_inode *oi = kmem_cache_alloc(ovl_inode_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
183
184	if (!oi)
185		return NULL;
186
187	oi->cache = NULL;
188	oi->redirect = NULL;
189	oi->version = 0;
190	oi->flags = 0;
191	oi->__upperdentry = NULL;
192	oi->lower = NULL;
193	oi->lowerdata = NULL;
194	mutex_init(&oi->lock);
195
196	return &oi->vfs_inode;
197}
198
199static void ovl_free_inode(struct inode *inode)
200{
201	struct ovl_inode *oi = OVL_I(inode);
202
203	kfree(oi->redirect);
204	mutex_destroy(&oi->lock);
205	kmem_cache_free(ovl_inode_cachep, oi);
206}
207
208static void ovl_destroy_inode(struct inode *inode)
209{
210	struct ovl_inode *oi = OVL_I(inode);
211
212	dput(oi->__upperdentry);
213	iput(oi->lower);
214	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
215		ovl_dir_cache_free(inode);
216	else
217		iput(oi->lowerdata);
218}
219
220static void ovl_free_fs(struct ovl_fs *ofs)
221{
222	struct vfsmount **mounts;
223	unsigned i;
224
225	iput(ofs->workbasedir_trap);
226	iput(ofs->indexdir_trap);
227	iput(ofs->workdir_trap);
228	dput(ofs->whiteout);
229	dput(ofs->indexdir);
230	dput(ofs->workdir);
231	if (ofs->workdir_locked)
232		ovl_inuse_unlock(ofs->workbasedir);
233	dput(ofs->workbasedir);
234	if (ofs->upperdir_locked)
235		ovl_inuse_unlock(ovl_upper_mnt(ofs)->mnt_root);
236
237	/* Hack!  Reuse ofs->layers as a vfsmount array before freeing it */
238	mounts = (struct vfsmount **) ofs->layers;
239	for (i = 0; i < ofs->numlayer; i++) {
240		iput(ofs->layers[i].trap);
241		mounts[i] = ofs->layers[i].mnt;
242	}
243	kern_unmount_array(mounts, ofs->numlayer);
244	kfree(ofs->layers);
245	for (i = 0; i < ofs->numfs; i++)
246		free_anon_bdev(ofs->fs[i].pseudo_dev);
247	kfree(ofs->fs);
248
249	kfree(ofs->config.lowerdir);
250	kfree(ofs->config.upperdir);
251	kfree(ofs->config.workdir);
252	kfree(ofs->config.redirect_mode);
253	if (ofs->creator_cred)
254		put_cred(ofs->creator_cred);
255	kfree(ofs);
256}
257
258static void ovl_put_super(struct super_block *sb)
259{
260	struct ovl_fs *ofs = sb->s_fs_info;
261
262	ovl_free_fs(ofs);
263}
264
265/* Sync real dirty inodes in upper filesystem (if it exists) */
266static int ovl_sync_fs(struct super_block *sb, int wait)
267{
268	struct ovl_fs *ofs = sb->s_fs_info;
269	struct super_block *upper_sb;
270	int ret;
271
272	ret = ovl_sync_status(ofs);
273	/*
274	 * We have to always set the err, because the return value isn't
275	 * checked in syncfs, and instead indirectly return an error via
276	 * the sb's writeback errseq, which VFS inspects after this call.
277	 */
278	if (ret < 0) {
279		errseq_set(&sb->s_wb_err, -EIO);
280		return -EIO;
281	}
282
283	if (!ret)
284		return ret;
285
286	/*
287	 * Not called for sync(2) call or an emergency sync (SB_I_SKIP_SYNC).
288	 * All the super blocks will be iterated, including upper_sb.
289	 *
290	 * If this is a syncfs(2) call, then we do need to call
291	 * sync_filesystem() on upper_sb, but enough if we do it when being
292	 * called with wait == 1.
293	 */
294	if (!wait)
295		return 0;
296
297	upper_sb = ovl_upper_mnt(ofs)->mnt_sb;
298
299	down_read(&upper_sb->s_umount);
300	ret = sync_filesystem(upper_sb);
301	up_read(&upper_sb->s_umount);
302
303	return ret;
304}
305
306/**
307 * ovl_statfs
308 * @sb: The overlayfs super block
309 * @buf: The struct kstatfs to fill in with stats
310 *
311 * Get the filesystem statistics.  As writes always target the upper layer
312 * filesystem pass the statfs to the upper filesystem (if it exists)
313 */
314static int ovl_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf)
315{
316	struct ovl_fs *ofs = dentry->d_sb->s_fs_info;
317	struct dentry *root_dentry = dentry->d_sb->s_root;
318	struct path path;
319	int err;
320
321	ovl_path_real(root_dentry, &path);
322
323	err = vfs_statfs(&path, buf);
324	if (!err) {
325		buf->f_namelen = ofs->namelen;
326		buf->f_type = OVERLAYFS_SUPER_MAGIC;
327	}
328
329	return err;
330}
331
332/* Will this overlay be forced to mount/remount ro? */
333static bool ovl_force_readonly(struct ovl_fs *ofs)
334{
335	return (!ovl_upper_mnt(ofs) || !ofs->workdir);
336}
337
338static const char *ovl_redirect_mode_def(void)
339{
340	return ovl_redirect_dir_def ? "on" : "off";
341}
342
343static const char * const ovl_xino_str[] = {
344	"off",
345	"auto",
346	"on",
347};
348
349static inline int ovl_xino_def(void)
350{
351	return ovl_xino_auto_def ? OVL_XINO_AUTO : OVL_XINO_OFF;
352}
353
354/**
355 * ovl_show_options
356 *
357 * Prints the mount options for a given superblock.
358 * Returns zero; does not fail.
359 */
360static int ovl_show_options(struct seq_file *m, struct dentry *dentry)
361{
362	struct super_block *sb = dentry->d_sb;
363	struct ovl_fs *ofs = sb->s_fs_info;
364
365	seq_show_option(m, "lowerdir", ofs->config.lowerdir);
366	if (ofs->config.upperdir) {
367		seq_show_option(m, "upperdir", ofs->config.upperdir);
368		seq_show_option(m, "workdir", ofs->config.workdir);
369	}
370	if (ofs->config.default_permissions)
371		seq_puts(m, ",default_permissions");
372	if (strcmp(ofs->config.redirect_mode, ovl_redirect_mode_def()) != 0)
373		seq_printf(m, ",redirect_dir=%s", ofs->config.redirect_mode);
374	if (ofs->config.index != ovl_index_def)
375		seq_printf(m, ",index=%s", ofs->config.index ? "on" : "off");
376	if (ofs->config.nfs_export != ovl_nfs_export_def)
377		seq_printf(m, ",nfs_export=%s", ofs->config.nfs_export ?
378						"on" : "off");
379	if (ofs->config.xino != ovl_xino_def() && !ovl_same_fs(sb))
380		seq_printf(m, ",xino=%s", ovl_xino_str[ofs->config.xino]);
381	if (ofs->config.metacopy != ovl_metacopy_def)
382		seq_printf(m, ",metacopy=%s",
383			   ofs->config.metacopy ? "on" : "off");
384	if (ofs->config.ovl_volatile)
385		seq_puts(m, ",volatile");
386	return 0;
387}
388
389static int ovl_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
390{
391	struct ovl_fs *ofs = sb->s_fs_info;
392	struct super_block *upper_sb;
393	int ret = 0;
394
395	if (!(*flags & SB_RDONLY) && ovl_force_readonly(ofs))
396		return -EROFS;
397
398	if (*flags & SB_RDONLY && !sb_rdonly(sb)) {
399		upper_sb = ovl_upper_mnt(ofs)->mnt_sb;
400		if (ovl_should_sync(ofs)) {
401			down_read(&upper_sb->s_umount);
402			ret = sync_filesystem(upper_sb);
403			up_read(&upper_sb->s_umount);
404		}
405	}
406
407	return ret;
408}
409
410static const struct super_operations ovl_super_operations = {
411	.alloc_inode	= ovl_alloc_inode,
412	.free_inode	= ovl_free_inode,
413	.destroy_inode	= ovl_destroy_inode,
414	.drop_inode	= generic_delete_inode,
415	.put_super	= ovl_put_super,
416	.sync_fs	= ovl_sync_fs,
417	.statfs		= ovl_statfs,
418	.show_options	= ovl_show_options,
419	.remount_fs	= ovl_remount,
420};
421
422enum {
423	OPT_LOWERDIR,
424	OPT_UPPERDIR,
425	OPT_WORKDIR,
426	OPT_DEFAULT_PERMISSIONS,
427	OPT_REDIRECT_DIR,
428	OPT_INDEX_ON,
429	OPT_INDEX_OFF,
430	OPT_NFS_EXPORT_ON,
431	OPT_NFS_EXPORT_OFF,
432	OPT_XINO_ON,
433	OPT_XINO_OFF,
434	OPT_XINO_AUTO,
435	OPT_METACOPY_ON,
436	OPT_METACOPY_OFF,
437	OPT_VOLATILE,
438	OPT_ERR,
439};
440
441static const match_table_t ovl_tokens = {
442	{OPT_LOWERDIR,			"lowerdir=%s"},
443	{OPT_UPPERDIR,			"upperdir=%s"},
444	{OPT_WORKDIR,			"workdir=%s"},
445	{OPT_DEFAULT_PERMISSIONS,	"default_permissions"},
446	{OPT_REDIRECT_DIR,		"redirect_dir=%s"},
447	{OPT_INDEX_ON,			"index=on"},
448	{OPT_INDEX_OFF,			"index=off"},
449	{OPT_NFS_EXPORT_ON,		"nfs_export=on"},
450	{OPT_NFS_EXPORT_OFF,		"nfs_export=off"},
451	{OPT_XINO_ON,			"xino=on"},
452	{OPT_XINO_OFF,			"xino=off"},
453	{OPT_XINO_AUTO,			"xino=auto"},
454	{OPT_METACOPY_ON,		"metacopy=on"},
455	{OPT_METACOPY_OFF,		"metacopy=off"},
456	{OPT_VOLATILE,			"volatile"},
457	{OPT_ERR,			NULL}
458};
459
460static char *ovl_next_opt(char **s)
461{
462	char *sbegin = *s;
463	char *p;
464
465	if (sbegin == NULL)
466		return NULL;
467
468	for (p = sbegin; *p; p++) {
469		if (*p == '\\') {
470			p++;
471			if (!*p)
472				break;
473		} else if (*p == ',') {
474			*p = '\0';
475			*s = p + 1;
476			return sbegin;
477		}
478	}
479	*s = NULL;
480	return sbegin;
481}
482
483static int ovl_parse_redirect_mode(struct ovl_config *config, const char *mode)
484{
485	if (strcmp(mode, "on") == 0) {
486		config->redirect_dir = true;
487		/*
488		 * Does not make sense to have redirect creation without
489		 * redirect following.
490		 */
491		config->redirect_follow = true;
492	} else if (strcmp(mode, "follow") == 0) {
493		config->redirect_follow = true;
494	} else if (strcmp(mode, "off") == 0) {
495		if (ovl_redirect_always_follow)
496			config->redirect_follow = true;
497	} else if (strcmp(mode, "nofollow") != 0) {
498		pr_err("bad mount option \"redirect_dir=%s\"\n",
499		       mode);
500		return -EINVAL;
501	}
502
503	return 0;
504}
505
506static int ovl_parse_opt(char *opt, struct ovl_config *config)
507{
508	char *p;
509	int err;
510	bool metacopy_opt = false, redirect_opt = false;
511	bool nfs_export_opt = false, index_opt = false;
512
513	config->redirect_mode = kstrdup(ovl_redirect_mode_def(), GFP_KERNEL);
514	if (!config->redirect_mode)
515		return -ENOMEM;
516
517	while ((p = ovl_next_opt(&opt)) != NULL) {
518		int token;
519		substring_t args[MAX_OPT_ARGS];
520
521		if (!*p)
522			continue;
523
524		token = match_token(p, ovl_tokens, args);
525		switch (token) {
526		case OPT_UPPERDIR:
527			kfree(config->upperdir);
528			config->upperdir = match_strdup(&args[0]);
529			if (!config->upperdir)
530				return -ENOMEM;
531			break;
532
533		case OPT_LOWERDIR:
534			kfree(config->lowerdir);
535			config->lowerdir = match_strdup(&args[0]);
536			if (!config->lowerdir)
537				return -ENOMEM;
538			break;
539
540		case OPT_WORKDIR:
541			kfree(config->workdir);
542			config->workdir = match_strdup(&args[0]);
543			if (!config->workdir)
544				return -ENOMEM;
545			break;
546
547		case OPT_DEFAULT_PERMISSIONS:
548			config->default_permissions = true;
549			break;
550
551		case OPT_REDIRECT_DIR:
552			kfree(config->redirect_mode);
553			config->redirect_mode = match_strdup(&args[0]);
554			if (!config->redirect_mode)
555				return -ENOMEM;
556			redirect_opt = true;
557			break;
558
559		case OPT_INDEX_ON:
560			config->index = true;
561			index_opt = true;
562			break;
563
564		case OPT_INDEX_OFF:
565			config->index = false;
566			index_opt = true;
567			break;
568
569		case OPT_NFS_EXPORT_ON:
570			config->nfs_export = true;
571			nfs_export_opt = true;
572			break;
573
574		case OPT_NFS_EXPORT_OFF:
575			config->nfs_export = false;
576			nfs_export_opt = true;
577			break;
578
579		case OPT_XINO_ON:
580			config->xino = OVL_XINO_ON;
581			break;
582
583		case OPT_XINO_OFF:
584			config->xino = OVL_XINO_OFF;
585			break;
586
587		case OPT_XINO_AUTO:
588			config->xino = OVL_XINO_AUTO;
589			break;
590
591		case OPT_METACOPY_ON:
592			config->metacopy = true;
593			metacopy_opt = true;
594			break;
595
596		case OPT_METACOPY_OFF:
597			config->metacopy = false;
598			metacopy_opt = true;
599			break;
600
601		case OPT_VOLATILE:
602			config->ovl_volatile = true;
603			break;
604
605		default:
606			pr_err("unrecognized mount option \"%s\" or missing value\n",
607					p);
608			return -EINVAL;
609		}
610	}
611
612	/* Workdir/index are useless in non-upper mount */
613	if (!config->upperdir) {
614		if (config->workdir) {
615			pr_info("option \"workdir=%s\" is useless in a non-upper mount, ignore\n",
616				config->workdir);
617			kfree(config->workdir);
618			config->workdir = NULL;
619		}
620		if (config->index && index_opt) {
621			pr_info("option \"index=on\" is useless in a non-upper mount, ignore\n");
622			index_opt = false;
623		}
624		config->index = false;
625	}
626
627	if (!config->upperdir && config->ovl_volatile) {
628		pr_info("option \"volatile\" is meaningless in a non-upper mount, ignoring it.\n");
629		config->ovl_volatile = false;
630	}
631
632	err = ovl_parse_redirect_mode(config, config->redirect_mode);
633	if (err)
634		return err;
635
636	/*
637	 * This is to make the logic below simpler.  It doesn't make any other
638	 * difference, since config->redirect_dir is only used for upper.
639	 */
640	if (!config->upperdir && config->redirect_follow)
641		config->redirect_dir = true;
642
643	/* Resolve metacopy -> redirect_dir dependency */
644	if (config->metacopy && !config->redirect_dir) {
645		if (metacopy_opt && redirect_opt) {
646			pr_err("conflicting options: metacopy=on,redirect_dir=%s\n",
647			       config->redirect_mode);
648			return -EINVAL;
649		}
650		if (redirect_opt) {
651			/*
652			 * There was an explicit redirect_dir=... that resulted
653			 * in this conflict.
654			 */
655			pr_info("disabling metacopy due to redirect_dir=%s\n",
656				config->redirect_mode);
657			config->metacopy = false;
658		} else {
659			/* Automatically enable redirect otherwise. */
660			config->redirect_follow = config->redirect_dir = true;
661		}
662	}
663
664	/* Resolve nfs_export -> index dependency */
665	if (config->nfs_export && !config->index) {
666		if (!config->upperdir && config->redirect_follow) {
667			pr_info("NFS export requires \"redirect_dir=nofollow\" on non-upper mount, falling back to nfs_export=off.\n");
668			config->nfs_export = false;
669		} else if (nfs_export_opt && index_opt) {
670			pr_err("conflicting options: nfs_export=on,index=off\n");
671			return -EINVAL;
672		} else if (index_opt) {
673			/*
674			 * There was an explicit index=off that resulted
675			 * in this conflict.
676			 */
677			pr_info("disabling nfs_export due to index=off\n");
678			config->nfs_export = false;
679		} else {
680			/* Automatically enable index otherwise. */
681			config->index = true;
682		}
683	}
684
685	/* Resolve nfs_export -> !metacopy dependency */
686	if (config->nfs_export && config->metacopy) {
687		if (nfs_export_opt && metacopy_opt) {
688			pr_err("conflicting options: nfs_export=on,metacopy=on\n");
689			return -EINVAL;
690		}
691		if (metacopy_opt) {
692			/*
693			 * There was an explicit metacopy=on that resulted
694			 * in this conflict.
695			 */
696			pr_info("disabling nfs_export due to metacopy=on\n");
697			config->nfs_export = false;
698		} else {
699			/*
700			 * There was an explicit nfs_export=on that resulted
701			 * in this conflict.
702			 */
703			pr_info("disabling metacopy due to nfs_export=on\n");
704			config->metacopy = false;
705		}
706	}
707
708	return 0;
709}
710
711#define OVL_WORKDIR_NAME "work"
712#define OVL_INDEXDIR_NAME "index"
713
714static struct dentry *ovl_workdir_create(struct ovl_fs *ofs,
715					 const char *name, bool persist)
716{
717	struct inode *dir =  ofs->workbasedir->d_inode;
718	struct vfsmount *mnt = ovl_upper_mnt(ofs);
719	struct dentry *work;
720	int err;
721	bool retried = false;
722
723	inode_lock_nested(dir, I_MUTEX_PARENT);
724retry:
725	work = lookup_one_len(name, ofs->workbasedir, strlen(name));
726
727	if (!IS_ERR(work)) {
728		struct iattr attr = {
729			.ia_valid = ATTR_MODE,
730			.ia_mode = S_IFDIR | 0,
731		};
732
733		if (work->d_inode) {
734			err = -EEXIST;
735			if (retried)
736				goto out_dput;
737
738			if (persist)
739				goto out_unlock;
740
741			retried = true;
742			err = ovl_workdir_cleanup(dir, mnt, work, 0);
743			dput(work);
744			if (err == -EINVAL) {
745				work = ERR_PTR(err);
746				goto out_unlock;
747			}
748			goto retry;
749		}
750
751		err = ovl_mkdir_real(dir, &work, attr.ia_mode);
752		if (err)
753			goto out_dput;
754
755		/* Weird filesystem returning with hashed negative (kernfs)? */
756		err = -EINVAL;
757		if (d_really_is_negative(work))
758			goto out_dput;
759
760		/*
761		 * Try to remove POSIX ACL xattrs from workdir.  We are good if:
762		 *
763		 * a) success (there was a POSIX ACL xattr and was removed)
764		 * b) -ENODATA (there was no POSIX ACL xattr)
765		 * c) -EOPNOTSUPP (POSIX ACL xattrs are not supported)
766		 *
767		 * There are various other error values that could effectively
768		 * mean that the xattr doesn't exist (e.g. -ERANGE is returned
769		 * if the xattr name is too long), but the set of filesystems
770		 * allowed as upper are limited to "normal" ones, where checking
771		 * for the above two errors is sufficient.
772		 */
773		err = vfs_removexattr(work, XATTR_NAME_POSIX_ACL_DEFAULT);
774		if (err && err != -ENODATA && err != -EOPNOTSUPP)
775			goto out_dput;
776
777		err = vfs_removexattr(work, XATTR_NAME_POSIX_ACL_ACCESS);
778		if (err && err != -ENODATA && err != -EOPNOTSUPP)
779			goto out_dput;
780
781		/* Clear any inherited mode bits */
782		inode_lock(work->d_inode);
783		err = notify_change(work, &attr, NULL);
784		inode_unlock(work->d_inode);
785		if (err)
786			goto out_dput;
787	} else {
788		err = PTR_ERR(work);
789		goto out_err;
790	}
791out_unlock:
792	inode_unlock(dir);
793	return work;
794
795out_dput:
796	dput(work);
797out_err:
798	pr_warn("failed to create directory %s/%s (errno: %i); mounting read-only\n",
799		ofs->config.workdir, name, -err);
800	work = NULL;
801	goto out_unlock;
802}
803
804static void ovl_unescape(char *s)
805{
806	char *d = s;
807
808	for (;; s++, d++) {
809		if (*s == '\\')
810			s++;
811		*d = *s;
812		if (!*s)
813			break;
814	}
815}
816
817static int ovl_mount_dir_noesc(const char *name, struct path *path)
818{
819	int err = -EINVAL;
820
821	if (!*name) {
822		pr_err("empty lowerdir\n");
823		goto out;
824	}
825	err = kern_path(name, LOOKUP_FOLLOW, path);
826	if (err) {
827		pr_err("failed to resolve '%s': %i\n", name, err);
828		goto out;
829	}
830	err = -EINVAL;
831	if (ovl_dentry_weird(path->dentry)) {
832		pr_err("filesystem on '%s' not supported\n", name);
833		goto out_put;
834	}
835	if (!d_is_dir(path->dentry)) {
836		pr_err("'%s' not a directory\n", name);
837		goto out_put;
838	}
839	return 0;
840
841out_put:
842	path_put_init(path);
843out:
844	return err;
845}
846
847static int ovl_mount_dir(const char *name, struct path *path)
848{
849	int err = -ENOMEM;
850	char *tmp = kstrdup(name, GFP_KERNEL);
851
852	if (tmp) {
853		ovl_unescape(tmp);
854		err = ovl_mount_dir_noesc(tmp, path);
855
856		if (!err && path->dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_OP_REAL) {
857			pr_err("filesystem on '%s' not supported as upperdir\n",
858			       tmp);
859			path_put_init(path);
860			err = -EINVAL;
861		}
862		kfree(tmp);
863	}
864	return err;
865}
866
867static int ovl_check_namelen(struct path *path, struct ovl_fs *ofs,
868			     const char *name)
869{
870	struct kstatfs statfs;
871	int err = vfs_statfs(path, &statfs);
872
873	if (err)
874		pr_err("statfs failed on '%s'\n", name);
875	else
876		ofs->namelen = max(ofs->namelen, statfs.f_namelen);
877
878	return err;
879}
880
881static int ovl_lower_dir(const char *name, struct path *path,
882			 struct ovl_fs *ofs, int *stack_depth)
883{
884	int fh_type;
885	int err;
886
887	err = ovl_mount_dir_noesc(name, path);
888	if (err)
889		return err;
890
891	err = ovl_check_namelen(path, ofs, name);
892	if (err)
893		return err;
894
895	*stack_depth = max(*stack_depth, path->mnt->mnt_sb->s_stack_depth);
896
897	/*
898	 * The inodes index feature and NFS export need to encode and decode
899	 * file handles, so they require that all layers support them.
900	 */
901	fh_type = ovl_can_decode_fh(path->dentry->d_sb);
902	if ((ofs->config.nfs_export ||
903	     (ofs->config.index && ofs->config.upperdir)) && !fh_type) {
904		ofs->config.index = false;
905		ofs->config.nfs_export = false;
906		pr_warn("fs on '%s' does not support file handles, falling back to index=off,nfs_export=off.\n",
907			name);
908	}
909
910	/* Check if lower fs has 32bit inode numbers */
911	if (fh_type != FILEID_INO32_GEN)
912		ofs->xino_mode = -1;
913
914	return 0;
915}
916
917/* Workdir should not be subdir of upperdir and vice versa */
918static bool ovl_workdir_ok(struct dentry *workdir, struct dentry *upperdir)
919{
920	bool ok = false;
921
922	if (workdir != upperdir) {
923		ok = (lock_rename(workdir, upperdir) == NULL);
924		unlock_rename(workdir, upperdir);
925	}
926	return ok;
927}
928
929static unsigned int ovl_split_lowerdirs(char *str)
930{
931	unsigned int ctr = 1;
932	char *s, *d;
933
934	for (s = d = str;; s++, d++) {
935		if (*s == '\\') {
936			s++;
937		} else if (*s == ':') {
938			*d = '\0';
939			ctr++;
940			continue;
941		}
942		*d = *s;
943		if (!*s)
944			break;
945	}
946	return ctr;
947}
948
949static int __maybe_unused
950ovl_posix_acl_xattr_get(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
951			struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode,
952			const char *name, void *buffer, size_t size)
953{
954	return ovl_xattr_get(dentry, inode, handler->name, buffer, size);
955}
956
957static int __maybe_unused
958ovl_posix_acl_xattr_set(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
959			struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode,
960			const char *name, const void *value,
961			size_t size, int flags)
962{
963	struct dentry *workdir = ovl_workdir(dentry);
964	struct inode *realinode = ovl_inode_real(inode);
965	struct posix_acl *acl = NULL;
966	int err;
967
968	/* Check that everything is OK before copy-up */
969	if (value) {
970		acl = posix_acl_from_xattr(&init_user_ns, value, size);
971		if (IS_ERR(acl))
972			return PTR_ERR(acl);
973	}
974	err = -EOPNOTSUPP;
975	if (!IS_POSIXACL(d_inode(workdir)))
976		goto out_acl_release;
977	if (!realinode->i_op->set_acl)
978		goto out_acl_release;
979	if (handler->flags == ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT && !S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
980		err = acl ? -EACCES : 0;
981		goto out_acl_release;
982	}
983	err = -EPERM;
984	if (!inode_owner_or_capable(inode))
985		goto out_acl_release;
986
987	posix_acl_release(acl);
988
989	/*
990	 * Check if sgid bit needs to be cleared (actual setacl operation will
991	 * be done with mounter's capabilities and so that won't do it for us).
992	 */
993	if (unlikely(inode->i_mode & S_ISGID) &&
994	    handler->flags == ACL_TYPE_ACCESS &&
995	    !in_group_p(inode->i_gid) &&
996	    !capable_wrt_inode_uidgid(inode, CAP_FSETID)) {
997		struct iattr iattr = { .ia_valid = ATTR_KILL_SGID };
998
999		err = ovl_setattr(dentry, &iattr);
1000		if (err)
1001			return err;
1002	}
1003
1004	err = ovl_xattr_set(dentry, inode, handler->name, value, size, flags);
1005	if (!err)
1006		ovl_copyattr(ovl_inode_real(inode), inode);
1007
1008	return err;
1009
1010out_acl_release:
1011	posix_acl_release(acl);
1012	return err;
1013}
1014
1015static int ovl_own_xattr_get(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
1016			     struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode,
1017			     const char *name, void *buffer, size_t size)
1018{
1019	return -EOPNOTSUPP;
1020}
1021
1022static int ovl_own_xattr_set(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
1023			     struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode,
1024			     const char *name, const void *value,
1025			     size_t size, int flags)
1026{
1027	return -EOPNOTSUPP;
1028}
1029
1030static int ovl_other_xattr_get(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
1031			       struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode,
1032			       const char *name, void *buffer, size_t size)
1033{
1034	return ovl_xattr_get(dentry, inode, name, buffer, size);
1035}
1036
1037static int ovl_other_xattr_set(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
1038			       struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode,
1039			       const char *name, const void *value,
1040			       size_t size, int flags)
1041{
1042	return ovl_xattr_set(dentry, inode, name, value, size, flags);
1043}
1044
1045static const struct xattr_handler __maybe_unused
1046ovl_posix_acl_access_xattr_handler = {
1047	.name = XATTR_NAME_POSIX_ACL_ACCESS,
1048	.flags = ACL_TYPE_ACCESS,
1049	.get = ovl_posix_acl_xattr_get,
1050	.set = ovl_posix_acl_xattr_set,
1051};
1052
1053static const struct xattr_handler __maybe_unused
1054ovl_posix_acl_default_xattr_handler = {
1055	.name = XATTR_NAME_POSIX_ACL_DEFAULT,
1056	.flags = ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT,
1057	.get = ovl_posix_acl_xattr_get,
1058	.set = ovl_posix_acl_xattr_set,
1059};
1060
1061static const struct xattr_handler ovl_own_xattr_handler = {
1062	.prefix	= OVL_XATTR_PREFIX,
1063	.get = ovl_own_xattr_get,
1064	.set = ovl_own_xattr_set,
1065};
1066
1067static const struct xattr_handler ovl_other_xattr_handler = {
1068	.prefix	= "", /* catch all */
1069	.get = ovl_other_xattr_get,
1070	.set = ovl_other_xattr_set,
1071};
1072
1073static const struct xattr_handler *ovl_xattr_handlers[] = {
1074#ifdef CONFIG_FS_POSIX_ACL
1075	&ovl_posix_acl_access_xattr_handler,
1076	&ovl_posix_acl_default_xattr_handler,
1077#endif
1078	&ovl_own_xattr_handler,
1079	&ovl_other_xattr_handler,
1080	NULL
1081};
1082
1083static int ovl_setup_trap(struct super_block *sb, struct dentry *dir,
1084			  struct inode **ptrap, const char *name)
1085{
1086	struct inode *trap;
1087	int err;
1088
1089	trap = ovl_get_trap_inode(sb, dir);
1090	err = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(trap);
1091	if (err) {
1092		if (err == -ELOOP)
1093			pr_err("conflicting %s path\n", name);
1094		return err;
1095	}
1096
1097	*ptrap = trap;
1098	return 0;
1099}
1100
1101/*
1102 * Determine how we treat concurrent use of upperdir/workdir based on the
1103 * index feature. This is papering over mount leaks of container runtimes,
1104 * for example, an old overlay mount is leaked and now its upperdir is
1105 * attempted to be used as a lower layer in a new overlay mount.
1106 */
1107static int ovl_report_in_use(struct ovl_fs *ofs, const char *name)
1108{
1109	if (ofs->config.index) {
1110		pr_err("%s is in-use as upperdir/workdir of another mount, mount with '-o index=off' to override exclusive upperdir protection.\n",
1111		       name);
1112		return -EBUSY;
1113	} else {
1114		pr_warn("%s is in-use as upperdir/workdir of another mount, accessing files from both mounts will result in undefined behavior.\n",
1115			name);
1116		return 0;
1117	}
1118}
1119
1120static int ovl_get_upper(struct super_block *sb, struct ovl_fs *ofs,
1121			 struct ovl_layer *upper_layer, struct path *upperpath)
1122{
1123	struct vfsmount *upper_mnt;
1124	int err;
1125
1126	err = ovl_mount_dir(ofs->config.upperdir, upperpath);
1127	if (err)
1128		goto out;
1129
1130	/* Upper fs should not be r/o */
1131	if (sb_rdonly(upperpath->mnt->mnt_sb)) {
1132		pr_err("upper fs is r/o, try multi-lower layers mount\n");
1133		err = -EINVAL;
1134		goto out;
1135	}
1136
1137	err = ovl_check_namelen(upperpath, ofs, ofs->config.upperdir);
1138	if (err)
1139		goto out;
1140
1141	err = ovl_setup_trap(sb, upperpath->dentry, &upper_layer->trap,
1142			     "upperdir");
1143	if (err)
1144		goto out;
1145
1146	upper_mnt = clone_private_mount(upperpath);
1147	err = PTR_ERR(upper_mnt);
1148	if (IS_ERR(upper_mnt)) {
1149		pr_err("failed to clone upperpath\n");
1150		goto out;
1151	}
1152
1153	/* Don't inherit atime flags */
1154	upper_mnt->mnt_flags &= ~(MNT_NOATIME | MNT_NODIRATIME | MNT_RELATIME);
1155	upper_layer->mnt = upper_mnt;
1156	upper_layer->idx = 0;
1157	upper_layer->fsid = 0;
1158
1159	/*
1160	 * Inherit SB_NOSEC flag from upperdir.
1161	 *
1162	 * This optimization changes behavior when a security related attribute
1163	 * (suid/sgid/security.*) is changed on an underlying layer.  This is
1164	 * okay because we don't yet have guarantees in that case, but it will
1165	 * need careful treatment once we want to honour changes to underlying
1166	 * filesystems.
1167	 */
1168	if (upper_mnt->mnt_sb->s_flags & SB_NOSEC)
1169		sb->s_flags |= SB_NOSEC;
1170
1171	if (ovl_inuse_trylock(ovl_upper_mnt(ofs)->mnt_root)) {
1172		ofs->upperdir_locked = true;
1173	} else {
1174		err = ovl_report_in_use(ofs, "upperdir");
1175		if (err)
1176			goto out;
1177	}
1178
1179	err = 0;
1180out:
1181	return err;
1182}
1183
1184/*
1185 * Returns 1 if RENAME_WHITEOUT is supported, 0 if not supported and
1186 * negative values if error is encountered.
1187 */
1188static int ovl_check_rename_whiteout(struct dentry *workdir)
1189{
1190	struct inode *dir = d_inode(workdir);
1191	struct dentry *temp;
1192	struct dentry *dest;
1193	struct dentry *whiteout;
1194	struct name_snapshot name;
1195	int err;
1196
1197	inode_lock_nested(dir, I_MUTEX_PARENT);
1198
1199	temp = ovl_create_temp(workdir, OVL_CATTR(S_IFREG | 0));
1200	err = PTR_ERR(temp);
1201	if (IS_ERR(temp))
1202		goto out_unlock;
1203
1204	dest = ovl_lookup_temp(workdir);
1205	err = PTR_ERR(dest);
1206	if (IS_ERR(dest)) {
1207		dput(temp);
1208		goto out_unlock;
1209	}
1210
1211	/* Name is inline and stable - using snapshot as a copy helper */
1212	take_dentry_name_snapshot(&name, temp);
1213	err = ovl_do_rename(dir, temp, dir, dest, RENAME_WHITEOUT);
1214	if (err) {
1215		if (err == -EINVAL)
1216			err = 0;
1217		goto cleanup_temp;
1218	}
1219
1220	whiteout = lookup_one_len(name.name.name, workdir, name.name.len);
1221	err = PTR_ERR(whiteout);
1222	if (IS_ERR(whiteout))
1223		goto cleanup_temp;
1224
1225	err = ovl_is_whiteout(whiteout);
1226
1227	/* Best effort cleanup of whiteout and temp file */
1228	if (err)
1229		ovl_cleanup(dir, whiteout);
1230	dput(whiteout);
1231
1232cleanup_temp:
1233	ovl_cleanup(dir, temp);
1234	release_dentry_name_snapshot(&name);
1235	dput(temp);
1236	dput(dest);
1237
1238out_unlock:
1239	inode_unlock(dir);
1240
1241	return err;
1242}
1243
1244static struct dentry *ovl_lookup_or_create(struct dentry *parent,
1245					   const char *name, umode_t mode)
1246{
1247	size_t len = strlen(name);
1248	struct dentry *child;
1249
1250	inode_lock_nested(parent->d_inode, I_MUTEX_PARENT);
1251	child = lookup_one_len(name, parent, len);
1252	if (!IS_ERR(child) && !child->d_inode)
1253		child = ovl_create_real(parent->d_inode, child,
1254					OVL_CATTR(mode));
1255	inode_unlock(parent->d_inode);
1256	dput(parent);
1257
1258	return child;
1259}
1260
1261/*
1262 * Creates $workdir/work/incompat/volatile/dirty file if it is not already
1263 * present.
1264 */
1265static int ovl_create_volatile_dirty(struct ovl_fs *ofs)
1266{
1267	unsigned int ctr;
1268	struct dentry *d = dget(ofs->workbasedir);
1269	static const char *const volatile_path[] = {
1270		OVL_WORKDIR_NAME, "incompat", "volatile", "dirty"
1271	};
1272	const char *const *name = volatile_path;
1273
1274	for (ctr = ARRAY_SIZE(volatile_path); ctr; ctr--, name++) {
1275		d = ovl_lookup_or_create(d, *name, ctr > 1 ? S_IFDIR : S_IFREG);
1276		if (IS_ERR(d))
1277			return PTR_ERR(d);
1278	}
1279	dput(d);
1280	return 0;
1281}
1282
1283static int ovl_make_workdir(struct super_block *sb, struct ovl_fs *ofs,
1284			    struct path *workpath)
1285{
1286	struct vfsmount *mnt = ovl_upper_mnt(ofs);
1287	struct dentry *temp, *workdir;
1288	bool rename_whiteout;
1289	bool d_type;
1290	int fh_type;
1291	int err;
1292
1293	err = mnt_want_write(mnt);
1294	if (err)
1295		return err;
1296
1297	workdir = ovl_workdir_create(ofs, OVL_WORKDIR_NAME, false);
1298	err = PTR_ERR(workdir);
1299	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(workdir))
1300		goto out;
1301
1302	ofs->workdir = workdir;
1303
1304	err = ovl_setup_trap(sb, ofs->workdir, &ofs->workdir_trap, "workdir");
1305	if (err)
1306		goto out;
1307
1308	/*
1309	 * Upper should support d_type, else whiteouts are visible.  Given
1310	 * workdir and upper are on same fs, we can do iterate_dir() on
1311	 * workdir. This check requires successful creation of workdir in
1312	 * previous step.
1313	 */
1314	err = ovl_check_d_type_supported(workpath);
1315	if (err < 0)
1316		goto out;
1317
1318	d_type = err;
1319	if (!d_type)
1320		pr_warn("upper fs needs to support d_type.\n");
1321
1322	/* Check if upper/work fs supports O_TMPFILE */
1323	temp = ovl_do_tmpfile(ofs->workdir, S_IFREG | 0);
1324	ofs->tmpfile = !IS_ERR(temp);
1325	if (ofs->tmpfile)
1326		dput(temp);
1327	else
1328		pr_warn("upper fs does not support tmpfile.\n");
1329
1330
1331	/* Check if upper/work fs supports RENAME_WHITEOUT */
1332	err = ovl_check_rename_whiteout(ofs->workdir);
1333	if (err < 0)
1334		goto out;
1335
1336	rename_whiteout = err;
1337	if (!rename_whiteout)
1338		pr_warn("upper fs does not support RENAME_WHITEOUT.\n");
1339
1340	/*
1341	 * Check if upper/work fs supports trusted.overlay.* xattr
1342	 */
1343	err = ovl_do_setxattr(ofs, ofs->workdir, OVL_XATTR_OPAQUE, "0", 1);
1344	if (err) {
1345		ofs->noxattr = true;
1346		ofs->config.index = false;
1347		ofs->config.metacopy = false;
1348		pr_warn("upper fs does not support xattr, falling back to index=off and metacopy=off.\n");
1349		err = 0;
1350	} else {
1351		ovl_do_removexattr(ofs, ofs->workdir, OVL_XATTR_OPAQUE);
1352	}
1353
1354	/*
1355	 * We allowed sub-optimal upper fs configuration and don't want to break
1356	 * users over kernel upgrade, but we never allowed remote upper fs, so
1357	 * we can enforce strict requirements for remote upper fs.
1358	 */
1359	if (ovl_dentry_remote(ofs->workdir) &&
1360	    (!d_type || !rename_whiteout || ofs->noxattr)) {
1361		pr_err("upper fs missing required features.\n");
1362		err = -EINVAL;
1363		goto out;
1364	}
1365
1366	/*
1367	 * For volatile mount, create a incompat/volatile/dirty file to keep
1368	 * track of it.
1369	 */
1370	if (ofs->config.ovl_volatile) {
1371		err = ovl_create_volatile_dirty(ofs);
1372		if (err < 0) {
1373			pr_err("Failed to create volatile/dirty file.\n");
1374			goto out;
1375		}
1376	}
1377
1378	/* Check if upper/work fs supports file handles */
1379	fh_type = ovl_can_decode_fh(ofs->workdir->d_sb);
1380	if (ofs->config.index && !fh_type) {
1381		ofs->config.index = false;
1382		pr_warn("upper fs does not support file handles, falling back to index=off.\n");
1383	}
1384
1385	/* Check if upper fs has 32bit inode numbers */
1386	if (fh_type != FILEID_INO32_GEN)
1387		ofs->xino_mode = -1;
1388
1389	/* NFS export of r/w mount depends on index */
1390	if (ofs->config.nfs_export && !ofs->config.index) {
1391		pr_warn("NFS export requires \"index=on\", falling back to nfs_export=off.\n");
1392		ofs->config.nfs_export = false;
1393	}
1394out:
1395	mnt_drop_write(mnt);
1396	return err;
1397}
1398
1399static int ovl_get_workdir(struct super_block *sb, struct ovl_fs *ofs,
1400			   struct path *upperpath)
1401{
1402	int err;
1403	struct path workpath = { };
1404
1405	err = ovl_mount_dir(ofs->config.workdir, &workpath);
1406	if (err)
1407		goto out;
1408
1409	err = -EINVAL;
1410	if (upperpath->mnt != workpath.mnt) {
1411		pr_err("workdir and upperdir must reside under the same mount\n");
1412		goto out;
1413	}
1414	if (!ovl_workdir_ok(workpath.dentry, upperpath->dentry)) {
1415		pr_err("workdir and upperdir must be separate subtrees\n");
1416		goto out;
1417	}
1418
1419	ofs->workbasedir = dget(workpath.dentry);
1420
1421	if (ovl_inuse_trylock(ofs->workbasedir)) {
1422		ofs->workdir_locked = true;
1423	} else {
1424		err = ovl_report_in_use(ofs, "workdir");
1425		if (err)
1426			goto out;
1427	}
1428
1429	err = ovl_setup_trap(sb, ofs->workbasedir, &ofs->workbasedir_trap,
1430			     "workdir");
1431	if (err)
1432		goto out;
1433
1434	err = ovl_make_workdir(sb, ofs, &workpath);
1435
1436out:
1437	path_put(&workpath);
1438
1439	return err;
1440}
1441
1442static int ovl_get_indexdir(struct super_block *sb, struct ovl_fs *ofs,
1443			    struct ovl_entry *oe, struct path *upperpath)
1444{
1445	struct vfsmount *mnt = ovl_upper_mnt(ofs);
1446	struct dentry *indexdir;
1447	int err;
1448
1449	err = mnt_want_write(mnt);
1450	if (err)
1451		return err;
1452
1453	/* Verify lower root is upper root origin */
1454	err = ovl_verify_origin(ofs, upperpath->dentry,
1455				oe->lowerstack[0].dentry, true);
1456	if (err) {
1457		pr_err("failed to verify upper root origin\n");
1458		goto out;
1459	}
1460
1461	/* index dir will act also as workdir */
1462	iput(ofs->workdir_trap);
1463	ofs->workdir_trap = NULL;
1464	dput(ofs->workdir);
1465	ofs->workdir = NULL;
1466	indexdir = ovl_workdir_create(ofs, OVL_INDEXDIR_NAME, true);
1467	if (IS_ERR(indexdir)) {
1468		err = PTR_ERR(indexdir);
1469	} else if (indexdir) {
1470		ofs->indexdir = indexdir;
1471		ofs->workdir = dget(indexdir);
1472
1473		err = ovl_setup_trap(sb, ofs->indexdir, &ofs->indexdir_trap,
1474				     "indexdir");
1475		if (err)
1476			goto out;
1477
1478		/*
1479		 * Verify upper root is exclusively associated with index dir.
1480		 * Older kernels stored upper fh in "trusted.overlay.origin"
1481		 * xattr. If that xattr exists, verify that it is a match to
1482		 * upper dir file handle. In any case, verify or set xattr
1483		 * "trusted.overlay.upper" to indicate that index may have
1484		 * directory entries.
1485		 */
1486		if (ovl_check_origin_xattr(ofs, ofs->indexdir)) {
1487			err = ovl_verify_set_fh(ofs, ofs->indexdir,
1488						OVL_XATTR_ORIGIN,
1489						upperpath->dentry, true, false);
1490			if (err)
1491				pr_err("failed to verify index dir 'origin' xattr\n");
1492		}
1493		err = ovl_verify_upper(ofs, ofs->indexdir, upperpath->dentry,
1494				       true);
1495		if (err)
1496			pr_err("failed to verify index dir 'upper' xattr\n");
1497
1498		/* Cleanup bad/stale/orphan index entries */
1499		if (!err)
1500			err = ovl_indexdir_cleanup(ofs);
1501	}
1502	if (err || !ofs->indexdir)
1503		pr_warn("try deleting index dir or mounting with '-o index=off' to disable inodes index.\n");
1504
1505out:
1506	mnt_drop_write(mnt);
1507	return err;
1508}
1509
1510static bool ovl_lower_uuid_ok(struct ovl_fs *ofs, const uuid_t *uuid)
1511{
1512	unsigned int i;
1513
1514	if (!ofs->config.nfs_export && !ovl_upper_mnt(ofs))
1515		return true;
1516
1517	/*
1518	 * We allow using single lower with null uuid for index and nfs_export
1519	 * for example to support those features with single lower squashfs.
1520	 * To avoid regressions in setups of overlay with re-formatted lower
1521	 * squashfs, do not allow decoding origin with lower null uuid unless
1522	 * user opted-in to one of the new features that require following the
1523	 * lower inode of non-dir upper.
1524	 */
1525	if (!ofs->config.index && !ofs->config.metacopy && !ofs->config.xino &&
1526	    uuid_is_null(uuid))
1527		return false;
1528
1529	for (i = 0; i < ofs->numfs; i++) {
1530		/*
1531		 * We use uuid to associate an overlay lower file handle with a
1532		 * lower layer, so we can accept lower fs with null uuid as long
1533		 * as all lower layers with null uuid are on the same fs.
1534		 * if we detect multiple lower fs with the same uuid, we
1535		 * disable lower file handle decoding on all of them.
1536		 */
1537		if (ofs->fs[i].is_lower &&
1538		    uuid_equal(&ofs->fs[i].sb->s_uuid, uuid)) {
1539			ofs->fs[i].bad_uuid = true;
1540			return false;
1541		}
1542	}
1543	return true;
1544}
1545
1546/* Get a unique fsid for the layer */
1547static int ovl_get_fsid(struct ovl_fs *ofs, const struct path *path)
1548{
1549	struct super_block *sb = path->mnt->mnt_sb;
1550	unsigned int i;
1551	dev_t dev;
1552	int err;
1553	bool bad_uuid = false;
1554
1555	for (i = 0; i < ofs->numfs; i++) {
1556		if (ofs->fs[i].sb == sb)
1557			return i;
1558	}
1559
1560	if (!ovl_lower_uuid_ok(ofs, &sb->s_uuid)) {
1561		bad_uuid = true;
1562		if (ofs->config.index || ofs->config.nfs_export) {
1563			ofs->config.index = false;
1564			ofs->config.nfs_export = false;
1565			pr_warn("%s uuid detected in lower fs '%pd2', falling back to index=off,nfs_export=off.\n",
1566				uuid_is_null(&sb->s_uuid) ? "null" :
1567							    "conflicting",
1568				path->dentry);
1569		}
1570	}
1571
1572	err = get_anon_bdev(&dev);
1573	if (err) {
1574		pr_err("failed to get anonymous bdev for lowerpath\n");
1575		return err;
1576	}
1577
1578	ofs->fs[ofs->numfs].sb = sb;
1579	ofs->fs[ofs->numfs].pseudo_dev = dev;
1580	ofs->fs[ofs->numfs].bad_uuid = bad_uuid;
1581
1582	return ofs->numfs++;
1583}
1584
1585static int ovl_get_layers(struct super_block *sb, struct ovl_fs *ofs,
1586			  struct path *stack, unsigned int numlower,
1587			  struct ovl_layer *layers)
1588{
1589	int err;
1590	unsigned int i;
1591
1592	err = -ENOMEM;
1593	ofs->fs = kcalloc(numlower + 1, sizeof(struct ovl_sb), GFP_KERNEL);
1594	if (ofs->fs == NULL)
1595		goto out;
1596
1597	/* idx/fsid 0 are reserved for upper fs even with lower only overlay */
1598	ofs->numfs++;
1599
1600	/*
1601	 * All lower layers that share the same fs as upper layer, use the same
1602	 * pseudo_dev as upper layer.  Allocate fs[0].pseudo_dev even for lower
1603	 * only overlay to simplify ovl_fs_free().
1604	 * is_lower will be set if upper fs is shared with a lower layer.
1605	 */
1606	err = get_anon_bdev(&ofs->fs[0].pseudo_dev);
1607	if (err) {
1608		pr_err("failed to get anonymous bdev for upper fs\n");
1609		goto out;
1610	}
1611
1612	if (ovl_upper_mnt(ofs)) {
1613		ofs->fs[0].sb = ovl_upper_mnt(ofs)->mnt_sb;
1614		ofs->fs[0].is_lower = false;
1615	}
1616
1617	for (i = 0; i < numlower; i++) {
1618		struct vfsmount *mnt;
1619		struct inode *trap;
1620		int fsid;
1621
1622		err = fsid = ovl_get_fsid(ofs, &stack[i]);
1623		if (err < 0)
1624			goto out;
1625
1626		/*
1627		 * Check if lower root conflicts with this overlay layers before
1628		 * checking if it is in-use as upperdir/workdir of "another"
1629		 * mount, because we do not bother to check in ovl_is_inuse() if
1630		 * the upperdir/workdir is in fact in-use by our
1631		 * upperdir/workdir.
1632		 */
1633		err = ovl_setup_trap(sb, stack[i].dentry, &trap, "lowerdir");
1634		if (err)
1635			goto out;
1636
1637		if (ovl_is_inuse(stack[i].dentry)) {
1638			err = ovl_report_in_use(ofs, "lowerdir");
1639			if (err) {
1640				iput(trap);
1641				goto out;
1642			}
1643		}
1644
1645		mnt = clone_private_mount(&stack[i]);
1646		err = PTR_ERR(mnt);
1647		if (IS_ERR(mnt)) {
1648			pr_err("failed to clone lowerpath\n");
1649			iput(trap);
1650			goto out;
1651		}
1652
1653		/*
1654		 * Make lower layers R/O.  That way fchmod/fchown on lower file
1655		 * will fail instead of modifying lower fs.
1656		 */
1657		mnt->mnt_flags |= MNT_READONLY | MNT_NOATIME;
1658
1659		layers[ofs->numlayer].trap = trap;
1660		layers[ofs->numlayer].mnt = mnt;
1661		layers[ofs->numlayer].idx = ofs->numlayer;
1662		layers[ofs->numlayer].fsid = fsid;
1663		layers[ofs->numlayer].fs = &ofs->fs[fsid];
1664		ofs->numlayer++;
1665		ofs->fs[fsid].is_lower = true;
1666	}
1667
1668	/*
1669	 * When all layers on same fs, overlay can use real inode numbers.
1670	 * With mount option "xino=<on|auto>", mounter declares that there are
1671	 * enough free high bits in underlying fs to hold the unique fsid.
1672	 * If overlayfs does encounter underlying inodes using the high xino
1673	 * bits reserved for fsid, it emits a warning and uses the original
1674	 * inode number or a non persistent inode number allocated from a
1675	 * dedicated range.
1676	 */
1677	if (ofs->numfs - !ovl_upper_mnt(ofs) == 1) {
1678		if (ofs->config.xino == OVL_XINO_ON)
1679			pr_info("\"xino=on\" is useless with all layers on same fs, ignore.\n");
1680		ofs->xino_mode = 0;
1681	} else if (ofs->config.xino == OVL_XINO_OFF) {
1682		ofs->xino_mode = -1;
1683	} else if (ofs->xino_mode < 0) {
1684		/*
1685		 * This is a roundup of number of bits needed for encoding
1686		 * fsid, where fsid 0 is reserved for upper fs (even with
1687		 * lower only overlay) +1 extra bit is reserved for the non
1688		 * persistent inode number range that is used for resolving
1689		 * xino lower bits overflow.
1690		 */
1691		BUILD_BUG_ON(ilog2(OVL_MAX_STACK) > 30);
1692		ofs->xino_mode = ilog2(ofs->numfs - 1) + 2;
1693	}
1694
1695	if (ofs->xino_mode > 0) {
1696		pr_info("\"xino\" feature enabled using %d upper inode bits.\n",
1697			ofs->xino_mode);
1698	}
1699
1700	err = 0;
1701out:
1702	return err;
1703}
1704
1705static struct ovl_entry *ovl_get_lowerstack(struct super_block *sb,
1706				const char *lower, unsigned int numlower,
1707				struct ovl_fs *ofs, struct ovl_layer *layers)
1708{
1709	int err;
1710	struct path *stack = NULL;
1711	unsigned int i;
1712	struct ovl_entry *oe;
1713
1714	if (!ofs->config.upperdir && numlower == 1) {
1715		pr_err("at least 2 lowerdir are needed while upperdir nonexistent\n");
1716		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
1717	}
1718
1719	stack = kcalloc(numlower, sizeof(struct path), GFP_KERNEL);
1720	if (!stack)
1721		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1722
1723	err = -EINVAL;
1724	for (i = 0; i < numlower; i++) {
1725		err = ovl_lower_dir(lower, &stack[i], ofs, &sb->s_stack_depth);
1726		if (err)
1727			goto out_err;
1728
1729		lower = strchr(lower, '\0') + 1;
1730	}
1731
1732	err = -EINVAL;
1733	sb->s_stack_depth++;
1734	if (sb->s_stack_depth > FILESYSTEM_MAX_STACK_DEPTH) {
1735		pr_err("maximum fs stacking depth exceeded\n");
1736		goto out_err;
1737	}
1738
1739	err = ovl_get_layers(sb, ofs, stack, numlower, layers);
1740	if (err)
1741		goto out_err;
1742
1743	err = -ENOMEM;
1744	oe = ovl_alloc_entry(numlower);
1745	if (!oe)
1746		goto out_err;
1747
1748	for (i = 0; i < numlower; i++) {
1749		oe->lowerstack[i].dentry = dget(stack[i].dentry);
1750		oe->lowerstack[i].layer = &ofs->layers[i+1];
1751	}
1752
1753out:
1754	for (i = 0; i < numlower; i++)
1755		path_put(&stack[i]);
1756	kfree(stack);
1757
1758	return oe;
1759
1760out_err:
1761	oe = ERR_PTR(err);
1762	goto out;
1763}
1764
1765/*
1766 * Check if this layer root is a descendant of:
1767 * - another layer of this overlayfs instance
1768 * - upper/work dir of any overlayfs instance
1769 */
1770static int ovl_check_layer(struct super_block *sb, struct ovl_fs *ofs,
1771			   struct dentry *dentry, const char *name,
1772			   bool is_lower)
1773{
1774	struct dentry *next = dentry, *parent;
1775	int err = 0;
1776
1777	if (!dentry)
1778		return 0;
1779
1780	parent = dget_parent(next);
1781
1782	/* Walk back ancestors to root (inclusive) looking for traps */
1783	while (!err && parent != next) {
1784		if (is_lower && ovl_lookup_trap_inode(sb, parent)) {
1785			err = -ELOOP;
1786			pr_err("overlapping %s path\n", name);
1787		} else if (ovl_is_inuse(parent)) {
1788			err = ovl_report_in_use(ofs, name);
1789		}
1790		next = parent;
1791		parent = dget_parent(next);
1792		dput(next);
1793	}
1794
1795	dput(parent);
1796
1797	return err;
1798}
1799
1800/*
1801 * Check if any of the layers or work dirs overlap.
1802 */
1803static int ovl_check_overlapping_layers(struct super_block *sb,
1804					struct ovl_fs *ofs)
1805{
1806	int i, err;
1807
1808	if (ovl_upper_mnt(ofs)) {
1809		err = ovl_check_layer(sb, ofs, ovl_upper_mnt(ofs)->mnt_root,
1810				      "upperdir", false);
1811		if (err)
1812			return err;
1813
1814		/*
1815		 * Checking workbasedir avoids hitting ovl_is_inuse(parent) of
1816		 * this instance and covers overlapping work and index dirs,
1817		 * unless work or index dir have been moved since created inside
1818		 * workbasedir.  In that case, we already have their traps in
1819		 * inode cache and we will catch that case on lookup.
1820		 */
1821		err = ovl_check_layer(sb, ofs, ofs->workbasedir, "workdir",
1822				      false);
1823		if (err)
1824			return err;
1825	}
1826
1827	for (i = 1; i < ofs->numlayer; i++) {
1828		err = ovl_check_layer(sb, ofs,
1829				      ofs->layers[i].mnt->mnt_root,
1830				      "lowerdir", true);
1831		if (err)
1832			return err;
1833	}
1834
1835	return 0;
1836}
1837
1838static struct dentry *ovl_get_root(struct super_block *sb,
1839				   struct dentry *upperdentry,
1840				   struct ovl_entry *oe)
1841{
1842	struct dentry *root;
1843	struct ovl_path *lowerpath = &oe->lowerstack[0];
1844	unsigned long ino = d_inode(lowerpath->dentry)->i_ino;
1845	int fsid = lowerpath->layer->fsid;
1846	struct ovl_inode_params oip = {
1847		.upperdentry = upperdentry,
1848		.lowerpath = lowerpath,
1849	};
1850
1851	root = d_make_root(ovl_new_inode(sb, S_IFDIR, 0));
1852	if (!root)
1853		return NULL;
1854
1855	root->d_fsdata = oe;
1856
1857	if (upperdentry) {
1858		/* Root inode uses upper st_ino/i_ino */
1859		ino = d_inode(upperdentry)->i_ino;
1860		fsid = 0;
1861		ovl_dentry_set_upper_alias(root);
1862		if (ovl_is_impuredir(sb, upperdentry))
1863			ovl_set_flag(OVL_IMPURE, d_inode(root));
1864	}
1865
1866	/* Root is always merge -> can have whiteouts */
1867	ovl_set_flag(OVL_WHITEOUTS, d_inode(root));
1868	ovl_dentry_set_flag(OVL_E_CONNECTED, root);
1869	ovl_set_upperdata(d_inode(root));
1870	ovl_inode_init(d_inode(root), &oip, ino, fsid);
1871	ovl_dentry_init_flags(root, upperdentry, DCACHE_OP_WEAK_REVALIDATE);
1872
1873	return root;
1874}
1875
1876static int ovl_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
1877{
1878	struct path upperpath = { };
1879	struct dentry *root_dentry;
1880	struct ovl_entry *oe;
1881	struct ovl_fs *ofs;
1882	struct ovl_layer *layers;
1883	struct cred *cred;
1884	char *splitlower = NULL;
1885	unsigned int numlower;
1886	int err;
1887
1888	sb->s_d_op = &ovl_dentry_operations;
1889
1890	err = -ENOMEM;
1891	ofs = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ovl_fs), GFP_KERNEL);
1892	if (!ofs)
1893		goto out;
1894
1895	ofs->creator_cred = cred = prepare_creds();
1896	if (!cred)
1897		goto out_err;
1898
1899	/* Is there a reason anyone would want not to share whiteouts? */
1900	ofs->share_whiteout = true;
1901
1902	ofs->config.index = ovl_index_def;
1903	ofs->config.nfs_export = ovl_nfs_export_def;
1904	ofs->config.xino = ovl_xino_def();
1905	ofs->config.metacopy = ovl_metacopy_def;
1906	err = ovl_parse_opt((char *) data, &ofs->config);
1907	if (err)
1908		goto out_err;
1909
1910	err = -EINVAL;
1911	if (!ofs->config.lowerdir) {
1912		if (!silent)
1913			pr_err("missing 'lowerdir'\n");
1914		goto out_err;
1915	}
1916
1917	err = -ENOMEM;
1918	splitlower = kstrdup(ofs->config.lowerdir, GFP_KERNEL);
1919	if (!splitlower)
1920		goto out_err;
1921
1922	numlower = ovl_split_lowerdirs(splitlower);
1923	if (numlower > OVL_MAX_STACK) {
1924		pr_err("too many lower directories, limit is %d\n",
1925		       OVL_MAX_STACK);
1926		goto out_err;
1927	}
1928
1929	layers = kcalloc(numlower + 1, sizeof(struct ovl_layer), GFP_KERNEL);
1930	if (!layers)
1931		goto out_err;
1932
1933	ofs->layers = layers;
1934	/* Layer 0 is reserved for upper even if there's no upper */
1935	ofs->numlayer = 1;
1936
1937	sb->s_stack_depth = 0;
1938	sb->s_maxbytes = MAX_LFS_FILESIZE;
1939	atomic_long_set(&ofs->last_ino, 1);
1940	/* Assume underlaying fs uses 32bit inodes unless proven otherwise */
1941	if (ofs->config.xino != OVL_XINO_OFF) {
1942		ofs->xino_mode = BITS_PER_LONG - 32;
1943		if (!ofs->xino_mode) {
1944			pr_warn("xino not supported on 32bit kernel, falling back to xino=off.\n");
1945			ofs->config.xino = OVL_XINO_OFF;
1946		}
1947	}
1948
1949	/* alloc/destroy_inode needed for setting up traps in inode cache */
1950	sb->s_op = &ovl_super_operations;
1951
1952	if (ofs->config.upperdir) {
1953		struct super_block *upper_sb;
1954
1955		if (!ofs->config.workdir) {
1956			pr_err("missing 'workdir'\n");
1957			goto out_err;
1958		}
1959
1960		err = ovl_get_upper(sb, ofs, &layers[0], &upperpath);
1961		if (err)
1962			goto out_err;
1963
1964		upper_sb = ovl_upper_mnt(ofs)->mnt_sb;
1965		if (!ovl_should_sync(ofs)) {
1966			ofs->errseq = errseq_sample(&upper_sb->s_wb_err);
1967			if (errseq_check(&upper_sb->s_wb_err, ofs->errseq)) {
1968				err = -EIO;
1969				pr_err("Cannot mount volatile when upperdir has an unseen error. Sync upperdir fs to clear state.\n");
1970				goto out_err;
1971			}
1972		}
1973
1974		err = ovl_get_workdir(sb, ofs, &upperpath);
1975		if (err)
1976			goto out_err;
1977
1978		if (!ofs->workdir)
1979			sb->s_flags |= SB_RDONLY;
1980
1981		sb->s_stack_depth = upper_sb->s_stack_depth;
1982		sb->s_time_gran = upper_sb->s_time_gran;
1983	}
1984	oe = ovl_get_lowerstack(sb, splitlower, numlower, ofs, layers);
1985	err = PTR_ERR(oe);
1986	if (IS_ERR(oe))
1987		goto out_err;
1988
1989	/* If the upper fs is nonexistent, we mark overlayfs r/o too */
1990	if (!ovl_upper_mnt(ofs))
1991		sb->s_flags |= SB_RDONLY;
1992
1993	if (!ovl_force_readonly(ofs) && ofs->config.index) {
1994		err = ovl_get_indexdir(sb, ofs, oe, &upperpath);
1995		if (err)
1996			goto out_free_oe;
1997
1998		/* Force r/o mount with no index dir */
1999		if (!ofs->indexdir)
2000			sb->s_flags |= SB_RDONLY;
2001	}
2002
2003	err = ovl_check_overlapping_layers(sb, ofs);
2004	if (err)
2005		goto out_free_oe;
2006
2007	/* Show index=off in /proc/mounts for forced r/o mount */
2008	if (!ofs->indexdir) {
2009		ofs->config.index = false;
2010		if (ovl_upper_mnt(ofs) && ofs->config.nfs_export) {
2011			pr_warn("NFS export requires an index dir, falling back to nfs_export=off.\n");
2012			ofs->config.nfs_export = false;
2013		}
2014	}
2015
2016	if (ofs->config.metacopy && ofs->config.nfs_export) {
2017		pr_warn("NFS export is not supported with metadata only copy up, falling back to nfs_export=off.\n");
2018		ofs->config.nfs_export = false;
2019	}
2020
2021	if (ofs->config.nfs_export)
2022		sb->s_export_op = &ovl_export_operations;
2023
2024	/* Never override disk quota limits or use reserved space */
2025	cap_lower(cred->cap_effective, CAP_SYS_RESOURCE);
2026
2027	sb->s_magic = OVERLAYFS_SUPER_MAGIC;
2028	sb->s_xattr = ovl_xattr_handlers;
2029	sb->s_fs_info = ofs;
2030	sb->s_flags |= SB_POSIXACL;
2031	sb->s_iflags |= SB_I_SKIP_SYNC;
2032
2033	err = -ENOMEM;
2034	root_dentry = ovl_get_root(sb, upperpath.dentry, oe);
2035	if (!root_dentry)
2036		goto out_free_oe;
2037
2038	mntput(upperpath.mnt);
2039	kfree(splitlower);
2040
2041	sb->s_root = root_dentry;
2042
2043	return 0;
2044
2045out_free_oe:
2046	ovl_entry_stack_free(oe);
2047	kfree(oe);
2048out_err:
2049	kfree(splitlower);
2050	path_put(&upperpath);
2051	ovl_free_fs(ofs);
2052out:
2053	return err;
2054}
2055
2056static struct dentry *ovl_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type, int flags,
2057				const char *dev_name, void *raw_data)
2058{
2059	return mount_nodev(fs_type, flags, raw_data, ovl_fill_super);
2060}
2061
2062static struct file_system_type ovl_fs_type = {
2063	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
2064	.name		= "overlay",
2065	.mount		= ovl_mount,
2066	.kill_sb	= kill_anon_super,
2067};
2068MODULE_ALIAS_FS("overlay");
2069
2070static void ovl_inode_init_once(void *foo)
2071{
2072	struct ovl_inode *oi = foo;
2073
2074	inode_init_once(&oi->vfs_inode);
2075}
2076
2077static int __init ovl_init(void)
2078{
2079	int err;
2080
2081	ovl_inode_cachep = kmem_cache_create("ovl_inode",
2082					     sizeof(struct ovl_inode), 0,
2083					     (SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT|
2084					      SLAB_MEM_SPREAD|SLAB_ACCOUNT),
2085					     ovl_inode_init_once);
2086	if (ovl_inode_cachep == NULL)
2087		return -ENOMEM;
2088
2089	err = ovl_aio_request_cache_init();
2090	if (!err) {
2091		err = register_filesystem(&ovl_fs_type);
2092		if (!err)
2093			return 0;
2094
2095		ovl_aio_request_cache_destroy();
2096	}
2097	kmem_cache_destroy(ovl_inode_cachep);
2098
2099	return err;
2100}
2101
2102static void __exit ovl_exit(void)
2103{
2104	unregister_filesystem(&ovl_fs_type);
2105
2106	/*
2107	 * Make sure all delayed rcu free inodes are flushed before we
2108	 * destroy cache.
2109	 */
2110	rcu_barrier();
2111	kmem_cache_destroy(ovl_inode_cachep);
2112	ovl_aio_request_cache_destroy();
2113}
2114
2115module_init(ovl_init);
2116module_exit(ovl_exit);
2117