1/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2/*
3 * fscrypt_private.h
4 *
5 * Copyright (C) 2015, Google, Inc.
6 *
7 * Originally written by Michael Halcrow, Ildar Muslukhov, and Uday Savagaonkar.
8 * Heavily modified since then.
9 */
10
11#ifndef _FSCRYPT_PRIVATE_H
12#define _FSCRYPT_PRIVATE_H
13
14#include <linux/fscrypt.h>
15#include <linux/siphash.h>
16#include <crypto/hash.h>
17#include <linux/blk-crypto.h>
18
19#define CONST_STRLEN(str)	(sizeof(str) - 1)
20
21#define FSCRYPT_FILE_NONCE_SIZE	16
22
23#define FSCRYPT_MIN_KEY_SIZE	16
24
25#define FSCRYPT_CONTEXT_V1	1
26#define FSCRYPT_CONTEXT_V2	2
27
28/* Keep this in sync with include/uapi/linux/fscrypt.h */
29#define FSCRYPT_MODE_MAX	FSCRYPT_MODE_ADIANTUM
30
31struct fscrypt_context_v1 {
32	u8 version; /* FSCRYPT_CONTEXT_V1 */
33	u8 contents_encryption_mode;
34	u8 filenames_encryption_mode;
35	u8 flags;
36	u8 master_key_descriptor[FSCRYPT_KEY_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE];
37	u8 nonce[FSCRYPT_FILE_NONCE_SIZE];
38};
39
40struct fscrypt_context_v2 {
41	u8 version; /* FSCRYPT_CONTEXT_V2 */
42	u8 contents_encryption_mode;
43	u8 filenames_encryption_mode;
44	u8 flags;
45	u8 __reserved[4];
46	u8 master_key_identifier[FSCRYPT_KEY_IDENTIFIER_SIZE];
47	u8 nonce[FSCRYPT_FILE_NONCE_SIZE];
48};
49
50/*
51 * fscrypt_context - the encryption context of an inode
52 *
53 * This is the on-disk equivalent of an fscrypt_policy, stored alongside each
54 * encrypted file usually in a hidden extended attribute.  It contains the
55 * fields from the fscrypt_policy, in order to identify the encryption algorithm
56 * and key with which the file is encrypted.  It also contains a nonce that was
57 * randomly generated by fscrypt itself; this is used as KDF input or as a tweak
58 * to cause different files to be encrypted differently.
59 */
60union fscrypt_context {
61	u8 version;
62	struct fscrypt_context_v1 v1;
63	struct fscrypt_context_v2 v2;
64};
65
66/*
67 * Return the size expected for the given fscrypt_context based on its version
68 * number, or 0 if the context version is unrecognized.
69 */
70static inline int fscrypt_context_size(const union fscrypt_context *ctx)
71{
72	switch (ctx->version) {
73	case FSCRYPT_CONTEXT_V1:
74		BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(ctx->v1) != 28);
75		return sizeof(ctx->v1);
76	case FSCRYPT_CONTEXT_V2:
77		BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(ctx->v2) != 40);
78		return sizeof(ctx->v2);
79	}
80	return 0;
81}
82
83/* Check whether an fscrypt_context has a recognized version number and size */
84static inline bool fscrypt_context_is_valid(const union fscrypt_context *ctx,
85					    int ctx_size)
86{
87	return ctx_size >= 1 && ctx_size == fscrypt_context_size(ctx);
88}
89
90/* Retrieve the context's nonce, assuming the context was already validated */
91static inline const u8 *fscrypt_context_nonce(const union fscrypt_context *ctx)
92{
93	switch (ctx->version) {
94	case FSCRYPT_CONTEXT_V1:
95		return ctx->v1.nonce;
96	case FSCRYPT_CONTEXT_V2:
97		return ctx->v2.nonce;
98	}
99	WARN_ON(1);
100	return NULL;
101}
102
103union fscrypt_policy {
104	u8 version;
105	struct fscrypt_policy_v1 v1;
106	struct fscrypt_policy_v2 v2;
107};
108
109/*
110 * Return the size expected for the given fscrypt_policy based on its version
111 * number, or 0 if the policy version is unrecognized.
112 */
113static inline int fscrypt_policy_size(const union fscrypt_policy *policy)
114{
115	switch (policy->version) {
116	case FSCRYPT_POLICY_V1:
117		return sizeof(policy->v1);
118	case FSCRYPT_POLICY_V2:
119		return sizeof(policy->v2);
120	}
121	return 0;
122}
123
124/* Return the contents encryption mode of a valid encryption policy */
125static inline u8
126fscrypt_policy_contents_mode(const union fscrypt_policy *policy)
127{
128	switch (policy->version) {
129	case FSCRYPT_POLICY_V1:
130		return policy->v1.contents_encryption_mode;
131	case FSCRYPT_POLICY_V2:
132		return policy->v2.contents_encryption_mode;
133	}
134	BUG();
135}
136
137/* Return the filenames encryption mode of a valid encryption policy */
138static inline u8
139fscrypt_policy_fnames_mode(const union fscrypt_policy *policy)
140{
141	switch (policy->version) {
142	case FSCRYPT_POLICY_V1:
143		return policy->v1.filenames_encryption_mode;
144	case FSCRYPT_POLICY_V2:
145		return policy->v2.filenames_encryption_mode;
146	}
147	BUG();
148}
149
150/* Return the flags (FSCRYPT_POLICY_FLAG*) of a valid encryption policy */
151static inline u8
152fscrypt_policy_flags(const union fscrypt_policy *policy)
153{
154	switch (policy->version) {
155	case FSCRYPT_POLICY_V1:
156		return policy->v1.flags;
157	case FSCRYPT_POLICY_V2:
158		return policy->v2.flags;
159	}
160	BUG();
161}
162
163/*
164 * For encrypted symlinks, the ciphertext length is stored at the beginning
165 * of the string in little-endian format.
166 */
167struct fscrypt_symlink_data {
168	__le16 len;
169	char encrypted_path[1];
170} __packed;
171
172/**
173 * struct fscrypt_prepared_key - a key prepared for actual encryption/decryption
174 * @tfm: crypto API transform object
175 * @blk_key: key for blk-crypto
176 *
177 * Normally only one of the fields will be non-NULL.
178 */
179struct fscrypt_prepared_key {
180	struct crypto_skcipher *tfm;
181#ifdef CONFIG_FS_ENCRYPTION_INLINE_CRYPT
182	struct fscrypt_blk_crypto_key *blk_key;
183#endif
184};
185
186/*
187 * fscrypt_info - the "encryption key" for an inode
188 *
189 * When an encrypted file's key is made available, an instance of this struct is
190 * allocated and stored in ->i_crypt_info.  Once created, it remains until the
191 * inode is evicted.
192 */
193struct fscrypt_info {
194
195	/* The key in a form prepared for actual encryption/decryption */
196	struct fscrypt_prepared_key ci_enc_key;
197
198	/* True if ci_enc_key should be freed when this fscrypt_info is freed */
199	bool ci_owns_key;
200
201#ifdef CONFIG_FS_ENCRYPTION_INLINE_CRYPT
202	/*
203	 * True if this inode will use inline encryption (blk-crypto) instead of
204	 * the traditional filesystem-layer encryption.
205	 */
206	bool ci_inlinecrypt;
207#endif
208
209	/*
210	 * Encryption mode used for this inode.  It corresponds to either the
211	 * contents or filenames encryption mode, depending on the inode type.
212	 */
213	struct fscrypt_mode *ci_mode;
214
215	/* Back-pointer to the inode */
216	struct inode *ci_inode;
217
218	/*
219	 * The master key with which this inode was unlocked (decrypted).  This
220	 * will be NULL if the master key was found in a process-subscribed
221	 * keyring rather than in the filesystem-level keyring.
222	 */
223	struct fscrypt_master_key *ci_master_key;
224
225	/*
226	 * Link in list of inodes that were unlocked with the master key.
227	 * Only used when ->ci_master_key is set.
228	 */
229	struct list_head ci_master_key_link;
230
231	/*
232	 * If non-NULL, then encryption is done using the master key directly
233	 * and ci_enc_key will equal ci_direct_key->dk_key.
234	 */
235	struct fscrypt_direct_key *ci_direct_key;
236
237	/*
238	 * This inode's hash key for filenames.  This is a 128-bit SipHash-2-4
239	 * key.  This is only set for directories that use a keyed dirhash over
240	 * the plaintext filenames -- currently just casefolded directories.
241	 */
242	siphash_key_t ci_dirhash_key;
243	bool ci_dirhash_key_initialized;
244
245	/* The encryption policy used by this inode */
246	union fscrypt_policy ci_policy;
247
248	/* This inode's nonce, copied from the fscrypt_context */
249	u8 ci_nonce[FSCRYPT_FILE_NONCE_SIZE];
250
251	/* Hashed inode number.  Only set for IV_INO_LBLK_32 */
252	u32 ci_hashed_ino;
253};
254
255typedef enum {
256	FS_DECRYPT = 0,
257	FS_ENCRYPT,
258} fscrypt_direction_t;
259
260/* crypto.c */
261extern struct kmem_cache *fscrypt_info_cachep;
262int fscrypt_initialize(unsigned int cop_flags);
263int fscrypt_crypt_block(const struct inode *inode, fscrypt_direction_t rw,
264			u64 lblk_num, struct page *src_page,
265			struct page *dest_page, unsigned int len,
266			unsigned int offs, gfp_t gfp_flags);
267struct page *fscrypt_alloc_bounce_page(gfp_t gfp_flags);
268
269void __printf(3, 4) __cold
270fscrypt_msg(const struct inode *inode, const char *level, const char *fmt, ...);
271
272#define fscrypt_warn(inode, fmt, ...)		\
273	fscrypt_msg((inode), KERN_WARNING, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
274#define fscrypt_err(inode, fmt, ...)		\
275	fscrypt_msg((inode), KERN_ERR, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
276
277#define FSCRYPT_MAX_IV_SIZE	32
278
279union fscrypt_iv {
280	struct {
281		/* logical block number within the file */
282		__le64 lblk_num;
283
284		/* per-file nonce; only set in DIRECT_KEY mode */
285		u8 nonce[FSCRYPT_FILE_NONCE_SIZE];
286	};
287	u8 raw[FSCRYPT_MAX_IV_SIZE];
288	__le64 dun[FSCRYPT_MAX_IV_SIZE / sizeof(__le64)];
289};
290
291void fscrypt_generate_iv(union fscrypt_iv *iv, u64 lblk_num,
292			 const struct fscrypt_info *ci);
293
294/* fname.c */
295int fscrypt_fname_encrypt(const struct inode *inode, const struct qstr *iname,
296			  u8 *out, unsigned int olen);
297bool fscrypt_fname_encrypted_size(const union fscrypt_policy *policy,
298				  u32 orig_len, u32 max_len,
299				  u32 *encrypted_len_ret);
300extern const struct dentry_operations fscrypt_d_ops;
301
302/* hkdf.c */
303
304struct fscrypt_hkdf {
305	struct crypto_shash *hmac_tfm;
306};
307
308int fscrypt_init_hkdf(struct fscrypt_hkdf *hkdf, const u8 *master_key,
309		      unsigned int master_key_size);
310
311/*
312 * The list of contexts in which fscrypt uses HKDF.  These values are used as
313 * the first byte of the HKDF application-specific info string to guarantee that
314 * info strings are never repeated between contexts.  This ensures that all HKDF
315 * outputs are unique and cryptographically isolated, i.e. knowledge of one
316 * output doesn't reveal another.
317 */
318#define HKDF_CONTEXT_KEY_IDENTIFIER	1 /* info=<empty>		*/
319#define HKDF_CONTEXT_PER_FILE_ENC_KEY	2 /* info=file_nonce		*/
320#define HKDF_CONTEXT_DIRECT_KEY		3 /* info=mode_num		*/
321#define HKDF_CONTEXT_IV_INO_LBLK_64_KEY	4 /* info=mode_num||fs_uuid	*/
322#define HKDF_CONTEXT_DIRHASH_KEY	5 /* info=file_nonce		*/
323#define HKDF_CONTEXT_IV_INO_LBLK_32_KEY	6 /* info=mode_num||fs_uuid	*/
324#define HKDF_CONTEXT_INODE_HASH_KEY	7 /* info=<empty>		*/
325
326int fscrypt_hkdf_expand(const struct fscrypt_hkdf *hkdf, u8 context,
327			const u8 *info, unsigned int infolen,
328			u8 *okm, unsigned int okmlen);
329
330void fscrypt_destroy_hkdf(struct fscrypt_hkdf *hkdf);
331
332/* inline_crypt.c */
333#ifdef CONFIG_FS_ENCRYPTION_INLINE_CRYPT
334int fscrypt_select_encryption_impl(struct fscrypt_info *ci);
335
336static inline bool
337fscrypt_using_inline_encryption(const struct fscrypt_info *ci)
338{
339	return ci->ci_inlinecrypt;
340}
341
342int fscrypt_prepare_inline_crypt_key(struct fscrypt_prepared_key *prep_key,
343				     const u8 *raw_key,
344				     const struct fscrypt_info *ci);
345
346void fscrypt_destroy_inline_crypt_key(struct fscrypt_prepared_key *prep_key);
347
348/*
349 * Check whether the crypto transform or blk-crypto key has been allocated in
350 * @prep_key, depending on which encryption implementation the file will use.
351 */
352static inline bool
353fscrypt_is_key_prepared(struct fscrypt_prepared_key *prep_key,
354			const struct fscrypt_info *ci)
355{
356	/*
357	 * The two smp_load_acquire()'s here pair with the smp_store_release()'s
358	 * in fscrypt_prepare_inline_crypt_key() and fscrypt_prepare_key().
359	 * I.e., in some cases (namely, if this prep_key is a per-mode
360	 * encryption key) another task can publish blk_key or tfm concurrently,
361	 * executing a RELEASE barrier.  We need to use smp_load_acquire() here
362	 * to safely ACQUIRE the memory the other task published.
363	 */
364	if (fscrypt_using_inline_encryption(ci))
365		return smp_load_acquire(&prep_key->blk_key) != NULL;
366	return smp_load_acquire(&prep_key->tfm) != NULL;
367}
368
369#else /* CONFIG_FS_ENCRYPTION_INLINE_CRYPT */
370
371static inline int fscrypt_select_encryption_impl(struct fscrypt_info *ci)
372{
373	return 0;
374}
375
376static inline bool
377fscrypt_using_inline_encryption(const struct fscrypt_info *ci)
378{
379	return false;
380}
381
382static inline int
383fscrypt_prepare_inline_crypt_key(struct fscrypt_prepared_key *prep_key,
384				 const u8 *raw_key,
385				 const struct fscrypt_info *ci)
386{
387	WARN_ON(1);
388	return -EOPNOTSUPP;
389}
390
391static inline void
392fscrypt_destroy_inline_crypt_key(struct fscrypt_prepared_key *prep_key)
393{
394}
395
396static inline bool
397fscrypt_is_key_prepared(struct fscrypt_prepared_key *prep_key,
398			const struct fscrypt_info *ci)
399{
400	return smp_load_acquire(&prep_key->tfm) != NULL;
401}
402#endif /* !CONFIG_FS_ENCRYPTION_INLINE_CRYPT */
403
404/* keyring.c */
405
406/*
407 * fscrypt_master_key_secret - secret key material of an in-use master key
408 */
409struct fscrypt_master_key_secret {
410
411	/*
412	 * For v2 policy keys: HKDF context keyed by this master key.
413	 * For v1 policy keys: not set (hkdf.hmac_tfm == NULL).
414	 */
415	struct fscrypt_hkdf	hkdf;
416
417	/* Size of the raw key in bytes.  Set even if ->raw isn't set. */
418	u32			size;
419
420	/* For v1 policy keys: the raw key.  Wiped for v2 policy keys. */
421	u8			raw[FSCRYPT_MAX_KEY_SIZE];
422
423} __randomize_layout;
424
425/*
426 * fscrypt_master_key - an in-use master key
427 *
428 * This represents a master encryption key which has been added to the
429 * filesystem and can be used to "unlock" the encrypted files which were
430 * encrypted with it.
431 */
432struct fscrypt_master_key {
433
434	/*
435	 * Back-pointer to the super_block of the filesystem to which this
436	 * master key has been added.  Only valid if ->mk_active_refs > 0.
437	 */
438	struct super_block			*mk_sb;
439
440	/*
441	 * Link in ->mk_sb->s_master_keys->key_hashtable.
442	 * Only valid if ->mk_active_refs > 0.
443	 */
444	struct hlist_node			mk_node;
445
446	/* Semaphore that protects ->mk_secret and ->mk_users */
447	struct rw_semaphore			mk_sem;
448
449	/*
450	 * Active and structural reference counts.  An active ref guarantees
451	 * that the struct continues to exist, continues to be in the keyring
452	 * ->mk_sb->s_master_keys, and that any embedded subkeys (e.g.
453	 * ->mk_direct_keys) that have been prepared continue to exist.
454	 * A structural ref only guarantees that the struct continues to exist.
455	 *
456	 * There is one active ref associated with ->mk_secret being present,
457	 * and one active ref for each inode in ->mk_decrypted_inodes.
458	 *
459	 * There is one structural ref associated with the active refcount being
460	 * nonzero.  Finding a key in the keyring also takes a structural ref,
461	 * which is then held temporarily while the key is operated on.
462	 */
463	refcount_t				mk_active_refs;
464	refcount_t				mk_struct_refs;
465
466	struct rcu_head				mk_rcu_head;
467
468	/*
469	 * The secret key material.  After FS_IOC_REMOVE_ENCRYPTION_KEY is
470	 * executed, this is wiped and no new inodes can be unlocked with this
471	 * key; however, there may still be inodes in ->mk_decrypted_inodes
472	 * which could not be evicted.  As long as some inodes still remain,
473	 * FS_IOC_REMOVE_ENCRYPTION_KEY can be retried, or
474	 * FS_IOC_ADD_ENCRYPTION_KEY can add the secret again.
475	 *
476	 * While ->mk_secret is present, one ref in ->mk_active_refs is held.
477	 *
478	 * Locking: protected by ->mk_sem.  The manipulation of ->mk_active_refs
479	 *	    associated with this field is protected by ->mk_sem as well.
480	 */
481	struct fscrypt_master_key_secret	mk_secret;
482
483	/*
484	 * For v1 policy keys: an arbitrary key descriptor which was assigned by
485	 * userspace (->descriptor).
486	 *
487	 * For v2 policy keys: a cryptographic hash of this key (->identifier).
488	 */
489	struct fscrypt_key_specifier		mk_spec;
490
491	/*
492	 * Keyring which contains a key of type 'key_type_fscrypt_user' for each
493	 * user who has added this key.  Normally each key will be added by just
494	 * one user, but it's possible that multiple users share a key, and in
495	 * that case we need to keep track of those users so that one user can't
496	 * remove the key before the others want it removed too.
497	 *
498	 * This is NULL for v1 policy keys; those can only be added by root.
499	 *
500	 * Locking: protected by ->mk_sem.  (We don't just rely on the keyrings
501	 * subsystem semaphore ->mk_users->sem, as we need support for atomic
502	 * search+insert along with proper synchronization with ->mk_secret.)
503	 */
504	struct key		*mk_users;
505
506	/*
507	 * List of inodes that were unlocked using this key.  This allows the
508	 * inodes to be evicted efficiently if the key is removed.
509	 */
510	struct list_head	mk_decrypted_inodes;
511	spinlock_t		mk_decrypted_inodes_lock;
512
513	/*
514	 * Per-mode encryption keys for the various types of encryption policies
515	 * that use them.  Allocated and derived on-demand.
516	 */
517	struct fscrypt_prepared_key mk_direct_keys[FSCRYPT_MODE_MAX + 1];
518	struct fscrypt_prepared_key mk_iv_ino_lblk_64_keys[FSCRYPT_MODE_MAX + 1];
519	struct fscrypt_prepared_key mk_iv_ino_lblk_32_keys[FSCRYPT_MODE_MAX + 1];
520
521	/* Hash key for inode numbers.  Initialized only when needed. */
522	siphash_key_t		mk_ino_hash_key;
523	bool			mk_ino_hash_key_initialized;
524
525} __randomize_layout;
526
527static inline bool
528is_master_key_secret_present(const struct fscrypt_master_key_secret *secret)
529{
530	/*
531	 * The READ_ONCE() is only necessary for fscrypt_drop_inode().
532	 * fscrypt_drop_inode() runs in atomic context, so it can't take the key
533	 * semaphore and thus 'secret' can change concurrently which would be a
534	 * data race.  But fscrypt_drop_inode() only need to know whether the
535	 * secret *was* present at the time of check, so READ_ONCE() suffices.
536	 */
537	return READ_ONCE(secret->size) != 0;
538}
539
540static inline const char *master_key_spec_type(
541				const struct fscrypt_key_specifier *spec)
542{
543	switch (spec->type) {
544	case FSCRYPT_KEY_SPEC_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR:
545		return "descriptor";
546	case FSCRYPT_KEY_SPEC_TYPE_IDENTIFIER:
547		return "identifier";
548	}
549	return "[unknown]";
550}
551
552static inline int master_key_spec_len(const struct fscrypt_key_specifier *spec)
553{
554	switch (spec->type) {
555	case FSCRYPT_KEY_SPEC_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR:
556		return FSCRYPT_KEY_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE;
557	case FSCRYPT_KEY_SPEC_TYPE_IDENTIFIER:
558		return FSCRYPT_KEY_IDENTIFIER_SIZE;
559	}
560	return 0;
561}
562
563void fscrypt_put_master_key(struct fscrypt_master_key *mk);
564
565void fscrypt_put_master_key_activeref(struct fscrypt_master_key *mk);
566
567struct fscrypt_master_key *
568fscrypt_find_master_key(struct super_block *sb,
569			const struct fscrypt_key_specifier *mk_spec);
570
571int fscrypt_add_test_dummy_key(struct super_block *sb,
572			       struct fscrypt_key_specifier *key_spec);
573
574int fscrypt_verify_key_added(struct super_block *sb,
575			     const u8 identifier[FSCRYPT_KEY_IDENTIFIER_SIZE]);
576
577int __init fscrypt_init_keyring(void);
578
579/* keysetup.c */
580
581struct fscrypt_mode {
582	const char *friendly_name;
583	const char *cipher_str;
584	int keysize;		/* key size in bytes */
585	int security_strength;	/* security strength in bytes */
586	int ivsize;		/* IV size in bytes */
587	int logged_impl_name;
588	enum blk_crypto_mode_num blk_crypto_mode;
589};
590
591extern struct fscrypt_mode fscrypt_modes[];
592
593int fscrypt_prepare_key(struct fscrypt_prepared_key *prep_key,
594			const u8 *raw_key, const struct fscrypt_info *ci);
595
596void fscrypt_destroy_prepared_key(struct fscrypt_prepared_key *prep_key);
597
598int fscrypt_set_per_file_enc_key(struct fscrypt_info *ci, const u8 *raw_key);
599
600int fscrypt_derive_dirhash_key(struct fscrypt_info *ci,
601			       const struct fscrypt_master_key *mk);
602
603void fscrypt_hash_inode_number(struct fscrypt_info *ci,
604			       const struct fscrypt_master_key *mk);
605
606/* keysetup_v1.c */
607
608void fscrypt_put_direct_key(struct fscrypt_direct_key *dk);
609
610int fscrypt_setup_v1_file_key(struct fscrypt_info *ci,
611			      const u8 *raw_master_key);
612
613int fscrypt_setup_v1_file_key_via_subscribed_keyrings(struct fscrypt_info *ci);
614
615/* policy.c */
616
617bool fscrypt_policies_equal(const union fscrypt_policy *policy1,
618			    const union fscrypt_policy *policy2);
619bool fscrypt_supported_policy(const union fscrypt_policy *policy_u,
620			      const struct inode *inode);
621int fscrypt_policy_from_context(union fscrypt_policy *policy_u,
622				const union fscrypt_context *ctx_u,
623				int ctx_size);
624const union fscrypt_policy *fscrypt_policy_to_inherit(struct inode *dir);
625
626#endif /* _FSCRYPT_PRIVATE_H */
627